World War II
Background
The World War II was among two conflicting alliances; allied powers and Axis powers. The allied power involved France, Britain, America, USSR and china, and the axis power were Germany, Italy and Japan. Both alliances were helped by other small nations and by the end of the war allied powers totaled to 25 Nations while axis 9 nations. The war sparked off on 1st September when Germany invaded Portland the land which had been made independent in the Versailles peace treaty. Britain and France were absent and stated their intention to help Portland unless the Germany to withdraw, Germany under Hitler failed to withdraw and this made both Britain and France declared war with Germany on 3rd September 1939 thus sparking off world war 2. Inorder to accomplish the agreement of communal action Italy joined Germany on June 1940. Japan also joined the war on the same side with Germany and her troops invaded the military base of America at a place called Pearl Harber within Hawaii on 7th Dec 1941. This officially invited America to participate in the World War 2 on the side of Allies. During the first period of the war, the axis achieved a lot of victory but by 1942, it had started registering defeat. In 1943, Italy withdraw from the war and joined allied powers, due to military defeat Germany decided to surrender on May 7th 1945 but, Japan continued with the war until when Americans dropped an Atomic bomb in her two cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After this act, the Japanese surrendered on 2nd September 1945 when Tasmjiru Umuzu (Japans) and general Douglas Mac Arthur of America signed an agreement to end the War.
The various causes of World War II were; -i) Weakness of League of Nations, ii) World economic depression of 1929-1939, iii) Formation of Alliances, iv) Hitler’s overwhelming ambitions, v) Unfairness of Versailles peace treaty, vi) Germany invasion of Portland in 1939.
Results of World War II were; i) Outbreak of Cold War, ii) Partition of Germany, iii) Formation of the United Nations Organization, iv) Growth of Military Technology, v) Change in the status of women, vi) Rise in Nationalism in Asia and Africa, vii) Establishment of communist Government, viii) Increased dependency on colonies.
Ways that the French Tried to Reassert their Control over Indochina
The French relationship with Vietnam and Indochina began very early in the seventeenth century. They started as a buy and sell relationship and eventually changed into colonization, and there were many wars fought between the Siamese, Vietnamese’s forces, Thai and the French army in Indochina to sustain French control over the territory. Before the creation of Indochina, the French forces fought two wars; the Sino-French war in 1884 and 1985 and it enabled France control over Vietnam and the Franco Siamese.
French Indochina was a consolidation of Annam, Tonkin, Conchinchina, Laos and Cambodia territories. In 19th Century, French army fought several battles within the region to defend their interest and to ensure that French missionaries in Indochina are protected. The French won the Sino-French war and they initiated conflict in the region to expand the French Indochina territory. The Paknam and the French were looking for basis to begin war with the Siamese side and make use of the border dispute among the Siamese forces to bring their gunboats into Bangkok. The French wanted the Lao territories, the king of Siamese, Chulalongkorn anticipated that the British would have supported him, but he lost his expectation when the British ministers told him to settle. Finally, the French got control of the Lao territories and North Eastern Region of Burma in exchange with their guarantee that French would not harm the integrity of all other Siam. This did not stop the hostilities between the French and Siamese sides because France wanted to increase the territory of French Indochina so they started another fight.
During the second war, the French wanted to control the territory that was on the west side of Mekong, western Cambodia and south Laos. French also controlled the west part of Chantaburi, and Thailand exchanged the region for Thai. In the World War II, the France suffered a lot of losses and Thai took it as an opportunity to recover a few of their lost territories. This led to French-Thai War of 1940-41, but there was no lack on the side of Thai since they lost to Vichy French naval forces. In 1954, Indochina was granted independence from France under the Geneva agreement. The reasons why France wanted to reestablish control over Indochina was that they wanted to defend French economical interests in Vietnam; the French were afraid of independence movements coming up in other French colonies, and the Bank of Indochina was very powerful, and its property was supposed to be protected.
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