1. Introduction
The motor is an electrical device, which converts electrical energy into the mechanical energy. The electric motor operates by the interaction of the magnetic and the current to generate the force. The electric motor operates in generating or braking modes. The industrial fans, pumps, and motors are being powered by the direct electric current sources. The small types of motor is being found in the electric watches [1]. The motor has highly standardized dimensions with the good mechanical power to the industries. The high capacity motors is being found in the ship propulsion and compression. The ancient Romans developed the civilization and knowledge of sciences. They also developed the steam motor. The development of motor in the modern times has indicated the truth in his theory[1]. The development gives most efficient and effective work. The electric motor greatly reduces the pain stacking. We have to discuss the basic motor principles. The first electric motor is an electrostatic device. This concept is being invented by Andrew Gordon in 1740’s. The theoretical principle is to create the mechanical force of interaction with the electric and the magnetic field. This conversion of the electric and the magnetic field is being explained by the Michael Faraday in 1821. The hanging wire is being dipped into the pool of the mercury. The current is being passed into the wire, and it is rotated around the magnet. It gives rise to a circular magnetic field. The device employed no permanent magnets, and it has both the stationary and the revolving components.
2. Commercial Motor
The first commutates type electric motor is the turning machine. It is being invented by William Sturgeon. This commutation type electric motor is being used in the commercial use, and the American inventor Thomas Daven port patented it [2]. The motor ran up to 600 rpm. The motor was commercially unsuccessful because of the high cost of the primary battery. The electric distribution is being developed at that time. There is a commercial market for this motor. They built a device with the similar principles and the electromagnetic self rotors are capable of doing the useful work [2]. The Frank Julian invented the practical DC motor. The inventions are greatly improved by the electric distribution grid. The power of the electric motor will return to the grid. The electric motor has the revolutionized industry. The industrial processes have no longer transmission line. The electric motor used in the agriculture eliminated human and the animal muscle power. Many of them use the motor to reduce the heavy labor with the good standard of the convenience. In an electric motor, the moving part is called as the rotor. The rotor is being designed with the mechanical power. Some types of the rotor carry the mechanical power. Some types of the rotor carry the permanent magnet. The stationary part was called as the stator. The stator is the stationary part of the electromagnetic circuit. The stator is made up of metal sheets called laminations and it also reduces the energy loss. The windings are being laid in the coils, and it is being laminated by the soft iron from the magnetic poles. The electric machine is of two types; the salient pole machine and the nonsalient pole machine. The winding is being distributed in the pole slot [2]. The commutation is used to switch from AC and DC machine. The armature current is being supplied through the stationary brushes.
3. Working of the DC motor
The commutated motor is has winding on the rotating shaft. The shaft carries the commutation. It has long lasting electric switch that allows the flow of current in a long lasting electric switch. The flow of current in the rotor winding of the AC motor has AC current in the rotating part [3]. The armature has one or more wire, which is mostly made of the ferromagnetic core. The current from the brushes flows in the laminated coil. The winding of the armature make it as the temporary magnet. The magnetic fields will rotate the motor shaft. The commutation switches the power when the rotor turns many of the elastic commutation is in need for the brushes to go against the commutation. The laminations of the DC motor are in need for the voltages. The sparks created in the brushes is being used for making or braking. The inductance causes voltage in the rotor coil [3]. These sparks have a maximum limit of the machine. The large size brushes is being used in a large brush contact area to maximize the motor circuit. This sparks has maximum limit of the machine. The large size brushes are used in the large brush contact area to maximize the motor circuit, and it has low mass to maximize. The cost has greater friction loss [3]. There is no field winding for the permanent magnet rotor. The magnetic field of the rotor machine interacts to produce the brave. The winding in the armature coil the winding in the armature is being used on the large motors to improve commutation under load. It will not being used for the speed control. The permanent magnet uses the high energy magnets with the strategic elements [3].
4. Types of Motor
The stepper motor has a double structure, and the primary application is for the precious positioning control of the motor. The stepper motor has new motor type and it is being designed as an expensive servo meter. The current is being ioerated in one set of the stator coils. It takes current from one coil to another. The DC motor has rotating armature coil, and it has stationary magnetic field. The magnetic field is generated by the permanent magnet [4]. The fact is that there is motor to drive the DC voltage and the current from the DC into AC. It has arching produced by the armature current [4]. The brushless DC motor permits the stator circuit to drive the constant DC voltage. It should because of the electronic synchronization into the angular position. The PMSM motor is being driven by a sinusoidal voltage. It is also having sinusoidal flux density that can achieve the flux density [4].
5. Applications
The electric motor reduces the muscle power of the human. It is being used in the electric train. It is a low cost application used everywhere [5]. The origin of motor has bought the human to the space, yes, the electric motor are used in the space mission. The electric motor is being used in most of the kitchen appliances [5]. The robots have full of a stepper motor to move from one place to another [5].
Works Cited
- Kay, Euan R, David A Leigh, and Francesco Zerbetto. 'Synthetic Molecular Motors And Mechanical Machines'. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 46.1-2 (2007): 72--191. Print.
- Litzkendorf, D et al. 'Batch-Processing And Bonding Of Melt-Textured YBCO For Motor Applications'. Materials Science and Engineering: B 53.1 (1998): 75--78. Print.
- Reimann, Peter. 'Brownian Motors: Noisy Transport Far From Equilibrium'. Physics Reports 361.2 (2002): 57--265. Print.
- Steven, Joseph. 'Motor Applications'. Engineering science Research 3.4 (2014): n. pag. Print.
