This article provides astonishing findings about the role that bacteria plays in the health of periodontal disease. This article was written by Zhimin Feng and Aaron Weinberg, and it shows the interaction between the bacteria and human tooth. According to this article, bacteria and eukaryotic cells have a complex in interaction that involves a complex process. This process is meant to allow human beings live in harmony with bacteria that are within them. Periodontal diseases according to the article involve a series of infections on the periodontal tissues. This is a serious condition, and if not treated in early stages it can lead to the loss of teeth. The article argues that the inflammation results from a cluster of bacteria (forming a biofilm) that are friendly to the periodontal tissues. When this biofilm is formed, there results an inflammation in the teeth periodontal (Zhimin 45).
This article has been splinted into several subtopics that further explore periodontal disease. In the second subtopic of the article, the writers discussed commensal. This is the relation between two species of different organisms. In this case, one of these organisms depends on the other for nutrients but does not harm the host. The article argues that there are many oral bacteria that fight each other in an adversarial role of gaining a foothold in the oral cavity. These bacteria are referred to as commensal because they are adversarial to the human cavity. In this case, the article stems from the argument that there are no pathogenic bacteria, but only commensal bacteria (Zhimin 56).
The article goes ahead to deliberate that dental plaque is the major contributor to the initiation of advancement of periodontal disease. Conversely, this is not always the case as composition of the plaque sometimes dictates the extent to which periodontium breaks down. Some of the microbes that constitute biofilm which in turn cases periodontal disease include P. gingivalis, T, fortsythia and, T. denticola. These three bacteria are distinctly more pathogenic than any other bacteria of the dental plaque. They are said to have special characteristics that are attributed to their pathogenic capacity. This includes their ability to colonize all the other dental plaque bacteria. They also have armamentarium of exotoxins and proteases that act on the periodontal tissues (Zhimin 61).
According to this article, the periodontopathic invasion of these bacteria is a component of virulence that causes periodontal tissue breakdown. According to some study reviewed by this article, the extent to which given immunofluorescence staining for P. gingival and A. actinomycetemcominants have significantly increased mainly in the active, destructive sites when compared to those sites that are not active (Zhimin 62).
In my own opinion, this article is well written. This is because is explores the bacteria that cause periodontal disease. The article has exclusively reconnoitered the commensal bacteria and gave examples of these bacteria. The article is also not biased and has addressed all the issues in depth. However, this article does not show the mechanism of the bacteria. The article should have scouted how these bacteria cause the periodontal disease by showing the mechanism that leads to the inflammation.
The Microbiology of Primary Dental Caries
This article involves a review that was done with an aim of evaluating the insinuation of certain microorganisms in the causality of tooth decay. The article scrutinizes the evidence concerning bacterial microbes that were both identified in the early and current literature involving tooth decay. The article has explored literature done on wild animal, human data, and/or experimental animals such as mice. It review also surveys the source of this reputed infection of humans. The article has mainly focused on the mutans sanguinis streptococci, the enterococci, actinomycetes, and the lactobacilli all of which are inhabitant in the human mouth (Jason 18).
There are some earlier studies examined by this case that are characterized by biological behaviors of microbes that strongly implicated with carries. The first is the mutans streptococci that according to the sources examined, colonizes the host only when there is an eruption in the teeth. This bacterium in mainly confined on the surface of the teeth and their profusion are highest in a case where the teeth have vented. Usually, the scope of colonization is increased by consumption of sugar. The bacteria synthesize the sugar molecules producing an acid that lowers the cavity pH (Jason 21). The low pH is suitable for the growth of dental plaque bacteria that can cause carries. The second bacteria that have been examined by this article is the Lactobacilli. Unlike the streptococci, Lactobacilli do not ardently colonize the teeth, but the dorsum of the tongue. Their numbers in the tongue depend on the amount of simple sugars consumed. The third bacteria from the early literature that have been examined by this article are the Non-mutans streptococci. Some of these bacteria include S. salivarius that are said to be extremely profuse in mouth. They are both tooth and mucosal colonizers. The fourth is the Enterococci bacteria that are said to induce caries. They are acidogenic and are not frequently in the mouth. The fifth and the last bacteria from the early studies that have been examined by this article are the Actinomycetes. These bacteria are common in the mouth and mainly cause root surface carries. They are not common in human beings but can be found in large numbers, in gnotobiotics rats and hamsters.
This article is a fail in my own opinion. This is because it only explored literature review done by other people. The article provides findings on data that are not reliable. Instead of reviewing the early and current data on dental carries microbes, I think this article should have done its own research. After doing its research, they should have the compared with the early and current data. This is because the data reviewed by the article could be biased (Jason 34).
Work Cited
Zhimin Feng & Aaron Weinberg. Role of bacteria in health and disease of periodontal tissues. Spec Care Dentist. 2007.
Jason M. Tanzer, D.M.D., Ph. D., Jill Livingston, M.S., and Angela M. Thompson, B.S. The Microbiology of Primary Dental Caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2009.
