Study Statement
According to WHO, the Americans are not the most drinking nation in the world with 9.43 liters of pure alcohol per person per year. However, this is a third higher than the world average (6.1 liters) and is far beyond the threshold (7 liters), after which scholars observe degradation and degeneration of the nation. According to the most recent data of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the US financial losses from the abuse of alcoholic beverages by citizens of the country make up 223.5 billion dollars a year. In addition, there are two tendencies in the United States: in the last 15 years, the damage caused by alcohol abuse and alcoholism is growing steadily by almost $ 5 billion every year, and among those addicted scholars more often note teenagers and young adults.
It is necessary to immediately clarify that alcoholism is considered by experts as the consumption of one "standard drink" per day for women and more than two - for men. In America, the "standard drink" contains about 14 grams of pure alcohol – the equivalent of 12 oz beer, 5.07 oz of wine or 1.52 oz of spirits (Chaloupka et al., 2002). Under these rules, according to Dr. Robert Brewer, head of the anti-alcohol program in the Ministry of Health of the United States, are now covered about a sixth of the country's adult population, or 38 million Americans. According to the CDC study, about 17% of Americans at least once a week bring themselves to a deranged state, drinking at least eight standard servings of beer, wine or other alcohol (Chaloupka et al., 2002). Anxiously experts note that such high rates of alcohol abuse in society are achieved against the background of a record growth of the overall level of consumption of alcoholic beverages in the last 25 years.
In order to clarify this information, we will focus on the young adults group age up to 21 years. We will use the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) test, which will allow us to get results of the young men’s behavior and their intelligence (Allgöwer et al., 2001). Its benefits are easily observed as this is a fairly inexpensive means to gather information. Then, further evaluation will allow to identify the individual indicators of anxiety, stress, and even depression, which force individuals to become addicted and abusive of alcohol. The purpose of this test is that psychiatrists will be able to determine the proper treatment for those suffering from alcohol abuse (Allgöwer et al., 2001).
Introduction
Today, two-thirds of young American take to drinking spirits and alcoholic beverages. And more often an inveterate drunkard become those who have higher levels of income and education. Drunkenness and alcoholism, in contrast to other social problems, is most common among the white population of America. Billions of dollars lost in a drunken stupor is not the worst factor affecting American development. Alcohol each year causes the death of almost 80 thousand US citizens (de Visser and Smith, 2007). Summarizing the results of observations of more than twenty years the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) have come to a disappointing conclusion. Alcohol is the cause of half of the homicides, suicides and fatal accidents committed in the United States. Almost all the dead alcoholics could live on average 26 years longer, had they not succumbed to their fatal passion for alcohol (Chaloupka et al., 2002).
In addition to the bad example of parents and peers to this largely contributes the hypocritical morality of the entire US society. Positioning itself as an ethical state, caring for the health of its citizens, the United States at the federal level does not limit the advertising of alcoholic beverages (Allgöwer et al., 2001). And while state governments have the necessary levers of influence on alcohol producers, the latter do not opt for binge drinking from the oppression they are in. Moreover, they behave aggressively. Actively using product placement they flooded the movies with their products, TV shows, computer games and music videos, purposefully act primarily at young people advertising and promoting alcoholic beverages (Allgöwer et al., 2001). "Beer giants", for example, have been suspect in requesting a number of studies in which the authors argued about the fact that moderate consumption of beer and other alcoholic drinks "has a positive effect on health." Such people could not care less from the height of their own profits for thousands of minors Americans who have paved their way to their graves through beer drinking (de Visser and Smith, 2007). "Someone can seen in the consumption of beer by minors harmless self-indulgence, but when one realizes what the end result can be, it is no time for jokes," said Dr. Vivian B. Faden, the director of one of the offices of the National Institute on alcohol Abuse alcoholism (NIAAA). According to the NIAAA, every year in the United States about 190 thousand young people under the age of 21 years end up in hospital beds as a result of alcohol abuse. For five thousand of them the outcome is lethal. Overall, in 2010 (Moss et al., 2014), statistical data accumulated ten million minors aged between 12 and 20 years who were into alcohol drinking. One fifth of them was already at the stage of alcoholism and required urgent treatment. Today, at least a quarter of high school students and graduates of the Virginia schools require treatment from professionals, due to the fact that students regularly go binge (Moss et al., 2014).
Method
In order to conduct our study we have opted for the MPPI-2 tool as an inexpensive tool often used by psychologists for testing either small or large group with relative ease. More so, the use of this tool does not require a psychologist to be physically present on site. Therefore, it can be utilized for sensitive positions, to get more in-depth data for a better analysis of the individual (Allgöwer et al., 2001). It is planned to start up an online survey asking people in the age group up to 21 to answer a few questions about themselves. We will focus on the reasons and causes that make teens and minors turn to alcohol as well as to find out whether environmental impact in age influence a young man’s alcohol consumption (Allgöwer et al., 2001).
This tool is perfect, as according to Shaffer (2016), a recent survey showed that over forty percent of clinics opt to use this test for psychological testing. By means of the results received, we will be able to determine an individual’s temperaments, personal traits, and dispositions. This tool is also best as it is used to produce measurements and analysis of a significant amount of characteristics, whereas others focus on single features. It is also important that such personality tests measure honesty and integrity and results will be used to see if the young boys characteristics will match for a successful treatment (Shaffer, 2016).
Ethical consideration
The ethical considerations that he client has to be informed about is confidentiality. The respondents personal data will not be passed onto third parties. Nonetheless, an analysis of the results will be carried out with further recommendations as to contact a psychiatrists with the contact details of the latter. Therefore informed consent is necessary to use the results received.
Discussion
Today, not a single senior student party is conducted without beer or alcoholic drinks, no sports or public events of regional or city scale does without alcohol. Dekaliters of alcohol, which disappears in the stomachs of young Americans is not the indicator of social damage, but its effect on the behavior and attitude of young people is. Young people like to experiment in finding new ways to get "high." This is a definite sign of the degradation of the American society (Chaloupka et al., 2002). This is what leads to alcohol addiction and must be treated by psychologists and various drug clinics. To understand the causes of temperance of some states it is sometimes enough just look at the religious map of America. Baptism and a high concentration of believers pledge sobriety. In the black religious states drinking percent is a little more than religious white. However, the statistical data will be off the charts for large cities and megapolices (Moss et al., 2014).
Results
The survey is aiming for at least 1000 responses from people all over the country. This will prove the results valid and enable a better analysis of the data submitted by the respondents. The MPPI-2 will prove its usefulness allowing the psychiatrists to determine the proper treatment for those suffering from alcohol abuse.
Limitations
Of course, it is a drawback that the sure is not conducted personally, however, to get the results from such a large number of people is impossible albeit from the internet. Here we must “trust” the respondents and believe that their answers are truthful and honest. Comparing this to any other survey, people tend to finish the questionnaire as soon as possible and do not “make up” answers as this requires them to spend extra time the do not normally have. Nonetheless, the validity of an online questionnaire is still questioned, as an interview with a psychologist will allow for a more profound and deeper understanding.
References
Allgöwer Annette, Wardle Jane and Andrew Steptoe. (2001). “Depressive symptoms, social support, and personal health behaviors in young men and women.” Health Psychology. Vol. 20 (3).
Chaloupka Frank J., Grossman Michael and Henry Saffer. (2002). “The Effects of Price on Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Related Problems.” National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. 2002.
de Visser Richard O. and Jonathan A. Smith. (2007). “Alcohol consumption and masculine identity among young men.” Psychology & Health. Vol. 22 (5).
Shaffer, D. J. (2016). Personality Testing in Employment. Retrieved from http://www.hiringstrategies.com/personality_testing.htm
Moss Howard Barry, Chiung M. Chen and Hsiao-ye Yi. (2014). “Early adolescent patterns of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana polysubstance use and young adult substance use outcomes in a nationally representative sample.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Vol. 136.
