Nursing: Critiquing a Quantitative/Qualitative Study
A quantitative assessment of patient and nurse outcomes of
bedside nursing report implementation
Introduction
This quantitative research critique encompasses an evaluation of the research problem and purpose. An evaluation of the hypothesis and research questions will be undertaken too along with an assessment of the literature review and theoretical framework. The entire methodology will be reviewed. Quantitative research studies unlike qualitative apply statistics in explaining a phenomenon. These features of the research design will be fully explored.
Study # 1: Sand-Jecklyn, K., & Sherman, J. (2014). A quantitative assessment of
patient and nurse outcomes of bedside nursing report implementation. Journal of Clinical
Nursing; 23(19 - 20); 2854–2863
Study # 2: Abolghasemi. R., & Sedaghat, M. (2015). \Qualitative study on the role of patient–
nurse communication in acute cardiac care. Journal of Religion and Health, 54(4): 1191–
1205.
Problem and purpose
The purpose and problem relate to quantifying quantitative outcomes of a practice change blending form of bedside nursing report. The second article is qualitative and addresses a popular nursing issue from that perspective, it pertains to diabetes mellitus type 2.
Hypothesis and Research Questions
There were no clearly identified hypothesis or research questions. However, the researchers indicated that nursing beside report can achieve great success in nursing delivery. This is a statement that can be proven in any research (Farrugia, Bradley & Petrisor, 2014). However, experts have identified that depending on the type of study research questions are designed in alignment to answer specific questions. In this this study, none of these features could have been traced (Patton, 2014).
Researcher’s pre-understanding
Nothing specific was disclosed about the researcher’s professional position except their credentials as researcher and co-researcher on the project. However, a pre-understanding would suggest that they are advanced practice nurses interested in delivering new ideas regarding shift reporting in clinical settings. Further, it was implied that should reporting be instituted the nursing process would be enhanced. The background for his idea came from other studies (Baker & McGowan, 2015).
Literature Review
This has been described as an analysis of scholarly material pertaining to the topic being reviewed. For example, in this research study the author is investigating bedside reporting and it effectiveness. There might be numerous studies on the same topic or similar issues. Researches usually use them as supportive data, a foundation to the current study or adopt some of their results in explaining the researcher position of the issue/phenomenon. Literature review is very important to any research project, especially, those applying qualitative research method. There are various types of research consisting explanatory, evaluate, instrumental and systemic review which is a type of research (Creswell, 2013). This study does not contain any distinct literature review section but there is evidence that the researcher referred to some former studies in completing their conclusions.
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework
A theoretical framework is a tool applied to a research project that helps analyze findings by distinguishing concepts in relation to the topic being investigated. There are many theories that link hypothetical relationships to real life. They have been tested in scientific laboratories. Many were proven to work while others futile. As such, researchers apply them to their work in offering credibility as well as enhancing reliability to the research outcomes. This conceptual/ theoretical framework must align within the required discipline. For example, if a research project is based on a nursing investigation, the theoretical framework must align with nursing theory such as the paradigms or one emerging from a nursing philosophy. Theories were not operable during the early nursing era when Florence Nightingale was championing the profession. However, subsequently she thin became the first nursing philosopher from which most subsequent theories have evolved within the science (Brains, Willnat, Manheim & Rich, 2015). In this nursing, predisposed research there has been no such descriptions.
Participants and Protection of Human rights within the Research Process
In both studies the researchers did not clearly identify in detail whether they adhered to any human rights protocol regarding research practice. However, it could be anticipated that the laws governing research practice in any discipline would ensure that human rights were protected (Amon, Baral, Beyrer & Kass, 2014). However, in study one participants may have consisted of nurses and patients in the medical/surgical clinical settings that were utilized in the study.
Research Design
While in both studies researchers did not clarify their design, but in study one it was identified that the design embraced a Quasi-experimental pre- and postimplementation design. Qusai experiencing determine the casual impact of a phenomenon. In these studies, they pertain to beside reporting and abuse occurring in nursing situations. The quasi experiment will determine the actual factors responsible for bedside reporting outcomes as well as abuse in nursing settings. The post implementation design pertain to how results from the quasi experiment will be applied to nursing practice (Scott, 2014). In the second research study researchers conducted a comprehensive quantitative review of the nursing violence and summaries of all studies retrieved was offered for evaluation. To some extent it could have been considered a systemic review of literature but the researcher did not offer details pertaining to how the sample was selected or evaluation methods applied.
Data collection, generation methods and analysis
The both studies they consisted of simple interactions between subjects and researchers. Most quasi experiments carry an observational phase since they are focused on making casual relationships. Data collection processing and retrieval is usually a very tedious exercise. In both studies, no distinct methods of data collection and generation systems were identified. However, it can be assumed that structured questioning through interviews must be functional during the data retrieval process in both cases. Data analysis in both quantitative studies is by way of statistical interpretation of data. While no specific statistical interpretation was mentioned in these studies a mean, median as well as standard deviations may have been calculated in making the final decisions. Unlike qualitative studies no theories are utilized in analysis of data. This is done only through statistical interpretation. The qualitative study embraced a survey approach
Conclusion
The foregoing critique of one quantitative and qualitative study embraced a thorough investigation into features of each study which align with those of qualitative and quantitative research, respectively. Most quantitative studies do not entertain theoretical/conceptual frameworks. This was evident in the studies reviewed. Much statistical data was not highlighted which should have given them more credibility to the quantitative research. However, theoretical explanations facilitated data analysis in the qualitative study.
References
Abolghasemi. R., & Sedaghat, M. (2015). \Qualitative study on the role of patient–
nurse communication in acute cardiac care. Journal of Religion and Health, 54(4): 1191–
1205.
Amon, J. Baral, S. Beyrer, C., & Kass, N (2014). Human Rights Research and Ethics Review:
Protecting Individuals or Protecting the State? PLoS Med 9(10): e1001325.
Baker, S., & McGowan, N (2015). Bedside shit report improves patient safety and nurses
Accountability, Evidenced Based Practice, 36(4); 335 -338
Brains, C. Willnat, L. Manheim, J., & Rich, R. (2015). Empirical Political Analysis:
Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods New York
Creswell, W. (2013). Review of the Literature. Research Design. Qualitative, Quantitative, and
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Creswell, W. (2013). Research Design. Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods
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Farrugia, P. Bradley A., & Petrisor, B (2014). Research questions, hypotheses and objectives.
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Grimes, D., & Shultz, K. (2014). Descriptive studies: what they can and cannot do. The Lancet,
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Scott, D. (2014). A Quasi Experimental Study of After-Event Reviews. Journal of Applied
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