In every country, rules and regulations are formulated and entrenched in the constitution to be followed by the citizens of that country. These principles are based on several norms, which regard everybody’s interests. In America, experts who debated, disagreed on most issues before they concurred on the best policies, drafted the constitution.
Some of the founding principles that founded the Americas constitution were; Rights came from God and not the government, a lean republic that included representatives, a written constitution, and all political powers originated from the people and the policy on private property rights.
In the Article”Ethics and Comparative Administration”, the article reviews ethical standards from United States and France and evaluates their impact to its citizens. According to Tocqueville’s”one learns about one’s own country by studying another country”. The United States of America constitution states that ‘The executive power shall be vested in the Presidency” (Rohr pg 67 par 1) .this policy is in tandem with the founding principle of lean republic with representatives from all groups. The president cannot execute the laws alone. An executive assembly is required to debate and make rational decisions. The Americas Congress passed resolution stating that Right of the people to be secure in their persons ,houses shall not be contravened( Rohr pg 68, par 1)This policy is based on the founding principle of private property rights where founding fathers believed that people should be at liberty to manage their property without interference.
In the United States, several policies have been formulated by different administration on economic and societal development .some of them including the affirmative action policy, education policy and foreign policy have been debated and amended to accustom the people’s interest. The founding principles like Adam Smith believed that Power emanated from the people and not from the Government. The congressional assembly initiative to accommodate views from the people is rational. Americas constitution segregates itself from granting privileges to individuals .This has resulted in the heated argument on affirmative action where immigrants like black natives are demanding equal treatment with American in the in the employment sector.
In the article “America Review on Public Administration” The article highlights norms that regulate all other prospective policies to be enacted in the future .Oath practice is the most practiced norm in any administration level. Members of the legislative assembly take oaths to demonstrate their loyalty to the rule of law and abide by its contents. In France, Oath taking has been highly practiced in the administration sector since it proves commitment. In America, this norm was adopted by the founding fathers and has since been practiced. The oath of office obliges administrators to base their rational decisions on the constituted principles and the way to execute them effectively ( Rohr pg 429 par 2).
Generally, norms form the basis of any enactment of policies. The norms have to be observed and amendments made to reflect the current environment.
References
Learned, H. B., & Schouler, J. (1914). History of the United States of America under the Constitution. American Historical Review.
Rohr, J. A. (2007). Ethics and Comparative Administration: A Constitutional Commentary.Public Integrity.
Rohr, J. A. (1982). The Constitution in Public Administration: A Report on Education. American Review of Public Administration.
