Abstract
All gas in the Qatar passes through National Grid’s national transmission arrangement on its way to consumers. The owners and operator of gas transmission substructure in Qatar, work with other companies to make sure that gas is obtainable where and when it is wanted. In Qatar Gas flowing that comes from higher to lower pressure is looked at as being the fundamental standard of the natural gas delivery system that involves, pipelines, gas stations. The essay explores the connecting of gas from the natural source such as bottom of the sea (Offshore) and underground (Onshore) to the transmission and distribution of gas in Qatar and how it is transferred and distributed. It also explores things such as the distribution and supplying of gas to consumers such as power plants and industries and the importance of the sustainable supply of gas in order to meet the nation’s obligation for advancement of the economy.
Introduction
Qatar is considered to be an independent state that is located in the Southern Arabian Gulf that has a beautiful land border along with Saudi Arabia and maritime limitations with Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates and also Iran. Also, the nation does enlarge over a peninsula that is somewhere about 185 kilometers long and among 65 to 200 kilometers wide which means that is covers a total region of somewhere around 12,521 square kilometers, consisting of a number of small islands. It is likewise the place of Qatar’s main port and the global airport. With that said, this essay will discuss Qatar and its transmission and distribution of gas.
Offshore Drilling and Pumping Platform
When it comes to distribution, in 2008 alone, Qatar created a projected 4.9 million tubs of crude oil per day and then imported 8.8 million tubs per day from other nations . This oil gets advanced into kerosene, heating oil, gasoline, and other products. In Qatar to keep up with their consumption, oil companies must continuously look for new sources of petroleum, in addition to progress the production of existing wells (Coutsoukis, 2012). Also, when it comes to distribution, Qatar is recognized for exporting its petroleum and petroleum merchandises from the sea. Production Exploration and at the Qatar sea would be impossible without drill ships and platforms depending on the depth of the water, oil and gas companies use different types of methods.
In places in Qatar where the water is even deeper (depths of up to 5,500 meters), a platform will not be able to be fixed to the seabed and has to be able to float above the well in its place. In these circumstances semi-submersible rigs are utilized, which are an enormous ballast tanks under water to stop the drilling platform from extreme rolling, even in high seas places. To uphold their spot above the well, semi-submersibles are involved to the seabed with steel wires and attaches . In extreme conditions, drill ships which are not at all tethered to the seabed may also be used.
In the future, Qatar plans to meaningfully enlarge natural-gas production for the period of the next five years. Qatari representatives have that target production for 2014 is around 9.7 trillion cubic feet (250 billion cubic meters), or almost seven times more than 2005 production levels for distribution. The anticipated growth in natural-gas production will fuel the rising natural-gas necessities of domestic business, LNG export commitments, piped natural-gas exports by means of the Dolphin pipeline, and also numerous large-scale GTL projects.
Transporting of Gas through Pipelines
The Qatar-Turkey pipeline is a projected natural gas pipeline that runs all the way from the Iranian-Qatari South Pars / North Dome Gas-Condensate field in the direction of Turkey. Transporting of natural gas thousands of miles through the Qatar pipeline is considered to be the safest technique of transportation. The transportation arrangement for natural gas is made up of many pipelines, intended to rapidly and professionally transport natural gas from its derivation, to regions of high natural gas demand. (Carlisle, 2010) There are three main kinds of pipelines along the transportation direction: the interstate pipeline system the gathering system, and the distribution system. The gathering system consists low pressure, small diameter pipelines that carry raw natural gas from the wellhead all the way down to the place known as the processing plant. The Qatar Pipeline is effective because it transports the gas through a pipe. As a source of lower-cost maintainable fuel for power production and direct use for industrial and commercial customers, the pipeline is beneficial to Qatar because it is able to foster a pure environment that allows the gas to be cleaned as it is going through the pipeline. When it reaches its destination whether it is on or off shore, the gas has been purified and ready to be distributed to the customers. It is true that this natural gas is looked at as being the cleanest of all fossil fuels.
There are numerous benefits to the countries in the region from this project (Carlisle, 2010) Qatar has projected the gas pipeline from the Gulf to Turkey for the reason that it will work as a distribution tool that will allow additional spreading out of exports from the world's biggest gas field. Also, it will finish as a determined agenda to double its volume in order to harvest watery natural gas. "Very excited to have a gas pipeline that stretches from Qatar straight to Turkey," Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, the monarch of Qatar, mentioned, succeeding talks with the Turkish president who is also ready to get the show on the road. The pipeline is gaining popularity because this natural gas transmission structure wills outcome in a change from crude oil to clean-burning natural gas for power production and business in Togo, Ghana and Benin. This distribution of gas to theses onshore places has actually improved the environment for people in the region through measurable long-term decreases in air contaminants (Khawaja, 2012).
The research shows that the gas pipeline between Turkey and Qatar is going to be able to solve the subject once and for all. This pipeline is good for distribution because the reports mentioned that two various routes for such a pipeline are going to be very possible. The other pipeline would go through Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Syria and then on to Turkey. That pipeline, which owes to be protracted to Turkey, has likewise been planned as a source of gas for Nabucco.
Gas Transmission and Distribution Health and Safety
He or she working in this industry must employ safety-related work practices that are not normally be utilized during her or his typical job duties. One of the things done is to make sure that along the transmission pipeline, all of section block valves are in-place in different location in order to make sure there is isolation of leaks to certain segments of the pipeline. The training that everyone is supposed to have will be done in order to establish worker proficiency in the work is and also the procedures necessary for compliance with this section. Conditions related to the safety of the work have to be performed and determined before work on or near electric lines or equipment when working in this industry.
Stripping Plants
In Qatar, stripping plants are where the gas and liquid are being separated. Here at the stripping plant in Qatar, it refers to the procedure of removing and then gathering butane propane, and other heavy hydrocarbon type of product from a natural gas rivulet with pressure and refrigeration. The procedure is normally used to reduce the BTU values to meet pipeline transmission necessities and gathering valuable hydrocarbon liquids for additional purifying and income for the producer.
Gas Collecting and Pressure Reduction Station
A typical gas reducing station in Qatar is consist of backup shut-off device (ESD), filter station, flow measuring, line safety shut-off valve(s)condensate knock-out drum, heater, , pressure reducing valve, silencer, pressure relief valve(s), outlet section, arrangement and control system. As auxiliaries it has condensate collecting facility, N2-purging facility, and venting and flares facilities. As stated by application, some of above amenities may not be needed. However, after removing the impurities and other contaminants from the gas lights will need to be supplied and collected at a common point or station
Natural Gas Liquefaction Plant
Natural gas will be provided to Natural Liquefaction Gas plants in order to isolate light gas (Methane or Lean gas) from heavy gas, liquid and other impurities. Natural gas naturally consist of a mixture of methane and heavier hydrocarbon gases, along with carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and other unwelcome components that are separated here at this plant. All of the unwanted components must be removed and the heavier hydrocarbons separated prior to liquefying and moving natural gas. This includes an arrangement of adsorptive, absorptive and cryogenic procedures - all of which are part of Linde's core capability.
Further research also shows that QGPC plans to do a huge development which will take place at the Ras Laffan which will be in association with the North Field project. Furthermore to a new port with LNG, petroleum products, and container loading berths, project plans will consist of a 5,700-ton per year methanol plant and a 560,000-ton annual petrochemical multipart. The growth was supposed to be scheduled for completion all the way back in the late 1990s.
Customers
Power plants are one of the main distributions of supplying as to all of the customers. However, there are plans in Qatar to advance these plans in order for the people to get their gas faster and also more efficient. Those that are in charge of making sure that this distribution was effective. They made the point that the plant which will be able to enhance some kind of financial expansion has a 25-year agreement with Qatar General Electricity and Water Corporation which is under the relations of which Ras Qantas will source all its manufacture to Kahramaa which in turn will use it to feed the local network or outwardly in the setting of the GCC Electricity Link-up System which will help transport the gas to the customers.
Conclusion
It is clear is advancing when it comes to the distribution of gas. They are finding ways to export and import gas buy coming up with fresh and innovative ways. Their biggest achievement is the pipeline and also making sure that it is effective in disturbing gas. Also Qatar has plants to make sure their power plants are being updated so that customers are getting the gas they need.
Works Cited
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Carlisle, T., 2010. Turkey touts proposed gas pipeline from Qatar. [Online] Available at: http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/turkey-touts-proposed-gas-pipeline-from-qatar[Accessed 18 Janurary 2014].
Coutsoukis, P., 2012. "Qatar Natural Gas". [Online] Available at: http://www.photius.com/countries/qatar/economy/qatar_economy_natural_gas.html[Accessed 16 February 2014].
Khawaja, M., 2012. Iran gas output to exceed Qatari production by 2016 – report. [Online] Available at: http://arabiangazette.com/iran-gas-exceed-qatar-2016/[Accessed 16 February 2014].
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QEWC, 2013. Qatar to Commision Biggest Power Generation Plant. [Online] Available at: http://www.qewc.com/qewc/en/index.php/qewc/80-qatar-news-agency/83-qatar-to-commission-biggest-power-generation-plant[Accessed 16 February 2014].
