Global warming refers to a system of climate changes that are responsible for causing an increase in the average temperature of the lower atmosphere which affects the average thermal gradient of the Earth. Global warming may have a great variation among the causes, but it is most principally associated with human interference, specifically with the release of excessive amounts of greenhouse gases”. The most popular and common definition of the global warming is “Warming caused by human activity.” (Weather Street)
There are several gases in the Earth’s atmosphere which are responsible for the increase in the global temperature and are referred as greenhouse gases. The carbon dioxide (Co2) and the water vapors result in keeping the lower layer of the atmosphere warmer, and result in the phenomenon referred to as “global Warming”. The global warming is an expected ongoing warming of the earth’s crust at a slow pace due to the increase in the concentration of the artificial and greenhouse gases mainly carbon dioxide and methane. These gases simply trap the infrared radiation from the sun and result in the increase in temperature of the earth causing global warming. These gases also result in the depletion of the ozone layer that is a barrier in front of the UV rays. It is also studied that the depletion of the ozone layer also causing big problem for humans. These days more and more people are facing big skin problems and cancers just because of direct interaction with the UV rays which are harmful to humans. (Weather Street)
Scientists have declared that the burning of fossil fuels, coal and petroleum results in the production of the carbon dioxide. These fossil fuels are considered as the main sources for increasing greenhouse gases. Another reason for an increase in global warming is the high amount of saturation of CFC’s and HCFC’s (chloro fluro carbon and hydro chloro fluro carbon). These are the gases which also consider as the major problem in increase of global warming. The main sources of these gasses are largely used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and compressors, etc.
According to the scientific research of NRDC, it was mentioned that the continuous changes in the global climate strongly affect the environment and the economy of the world. In year 2001, it was concluded by the scientific research published by NRDC that Florida is also suffering from the global warming. Moreover, it was also declared that the state is going to face more the consequences of global warming in coming years. (Ackerman)
Al Gore has dedicated years and studied about the global warming, and produced a slide show which he presented all over the world. Currently, his book as well as movie “An Inconvenient Truth”, based on the slide show has been published in the market. The presentation of the book is very comprehensive, excellent and compelling. In the book Al Gore has provided a lot of details about the consequences of global warming. The adverse weather issues such as El-Nino, Tornadoes, Cyclones and floods are associated with the abrupt changes in the earth’s average temperature. (Newman)
Al Gore has described the modern humanity as a “force of nature.” The human action and activity now have to be measured right together with plate tectonics, nuclear war, and volcanoes. In his book, he mentioned that our overall action and behavior are changing the path of earth’s history. He further mentioned that our utilization of fossil fuels and the emancipation of CO2 with its terrible consequences will have a bad impact on our environment. (Newman)
Gore presents graphs depicting unquestionable comprehensive trends toward calamity. In his book, he presented the graphs which are showing the relation of CO2 with a temperature increase as well as the increase in population and carbon emissions per person, which is another reason for global warming. He used accurate and sophisticated surveying methods and techniques for his research, as the correlations present in the book are unmistakable. In his book, he mentioned that the rise of the industrial age and the associated population explosion was the reason for global warming. He stated that this is not a steady passage as we are in a problem at present, and racing towards the finish. (Newman)
It is also studied that the increasing population is also creating a big problem for this world. The increase in population means more energy requirement which means more emission of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The world’s largest country in terms of population is China and the role of this country with regards to global warming cannot be underestimated. It is studied that China is causing serious environmental issues mainly which are associated with the emission of Co2 in the atmosphere. (Flannery)
The China Coal Industry Development Research Centre has reported that China has burnt about 1.9 billion metric tons of coal in the year 2004. Moreover, it is reported that these figures will be doubled in the year 2020. From these figures, it is concluded that this increment will be sending much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As the population of China is the largest in the world, therefore, the number of carbon dioxide production per individual is also high in China. (Flannery)
Similarly, the utilization of the fossil fuels in countries like America is high comparing to the rest of world. More and more oil companies are drilling for the production of oil and gas and that is also causing pollution. The off-shore drilling by big E&P companies are posing risk to the environment. These companies are trying to hit more deep wells of oil and gas to increase their production and to meet the needs of oil which ultimately result in more production of carbon-dioxide that cause the depletion of the ozone layer as well as increase the issue of global warming.
The phenomenon of pollution is an old known issue and know associated with the increase in global warming. While considering the history of the pollution trade permits were initially proposed by the economists John Mullahy and Robert Haveman, as an alternative to solve the problems of cigarette smoking. However, this trademark smoking pollution permits, the system were implied to other types of pollution and emission trading system and was used by the U.S.A Environmental Protection Agency in 1970 to cop-up several other types of pollution. (Ferrara)
The pollution permits are the combination of control and market-based approaches to the task of minimizing or limiting the emission of carbon dioxide and pollution. Now the question arises that whether the marketable pollution permit works or not? The first polluter can bid for the permit which allows them to make a fixed and determined amount of pollution. Moreover, these permits can also be re-soled. The government can slowly and gradually decrease the number of this pollution permits available to control the pollution and carbon-dioxide emission.
These pollution permits works in a certain domain for example, there are two companies (X), and (Y) both are producing 20 units of a pollutant from each of their production. Similarly, if the government declares that each company is allowed to generate 18 units only and they generate 20 units of pollutants, then they will be charged and fined. If the manager of (X) company reduces the number of pollutant unit to 18 than the company can sell its 2 unit to (Y) company and as a result both companies will have 36 units of pollutant in total, which will be according to the rule and regulation of the government. ("Revision guru")
The United States is very dependent upon Petroleum from OPEC, as their petroleum needs are quite large high. In America, the fuel consumption of automobiles are much great and therefore, the carbon dioxide produced by these automobiles indirectly increasing the global temperature.
President Obama has made a promise to make America more energy independent and to cut down the carbon emission by focusing on alternative sources of solar and wind energy. Obama and Congress are also declaring to start work more considerately with other nations on climate change programs. On the other hand, Obama and Congress are willing to introduce “Green Transportation” and “Renewable Energy” methods to cut down the carbon production, to control the global warming effects. (Rhee)
As far as term “Green Transportation” is concerned, the majority of environmental scientists are considering that “Green Transportation” can reduce the Global Warming. In advanced countries like America, the fuel consumption of automobiles are much great and therefore, the carbon dioxide produced by these automobiles indirectly increasing the pollution and ultimately the global temperature because of the high amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. There is need of legislation and the law to implement on an industry or a market which are producing carbon dioxide to produce less carbon dioxide. (“Library of Congress”)
Moreover, the Obama government is ready to make use alternative energy in industries to overcome the global warming issue and to control the economic recession in America. In this current period of economic recession and high oil prices, it is difficult to stable the economics because of high oil prices. In this period wind and solar energies are the best methods to stable the economy.
During 2003, when Federal Reserve Board Chairperson Alan Greenspan declared that rising natural gas prices were intimidating the U.S economy's future, the (AWEA) or American Wind Energy Association expected that U.S. wind plants were previously reducing the nationwide natural gas deficiency by 10-15%. AWEA has declared that more wind plants could be erected within four years to reduce the whole gas deficiency which is estimated as 4 billion cubic feet gas per day. ("AWEA")
The wind energy is also helping to stabilize the economy which was initially destabilized by the shortage of natural gas. In America, it is reported that the nation is facing is 3-4 billion cubic feet shortage per day. According to the energy experts, the large usage of natural gas to produce electricity resulted in a shortage of natural gas, which is affecting the economy on a large scale. However, it is found that in many areas of the country where wind farms are producing electricity, they are directly helping to conserve vital gas supplies. ("AWEA")
The push for using solar and wind energy have the great economic benefits, as many new jobs are being created by building and developing new power plants. This latest, as well as new industry, has very good growth potential all through the world economy.
According to the report of the Center for American Progress depicts that nearly $1 trillion is spent each year on the wind and solar energy, and during 2008 almost 9 million Americans were employed. Moreover, it is estimated that jobs in implementing and design of solar and wind energy could reach into 10’s of millions by 2020, and economics will be more stable with high jobs and low energy cost. It is reported that if the U.S. manufacturing industry could incarcerate the 25% share of the worldwide wind market through the year 2015, several thousands of new jobs would be produced. (Mowatt)
We can say that the world is sufferings from the global warming will be intensified up to a great extent in the upcoming years. The research concludes that the influential effects of global warming will convert a global climate, shoreline and precious natural resources in a number of ways that will deeply affect the state's agriculture, economy and the people’s health up to an alarming stage.
The global warming has a great potential to affect every single thing, and to change the way of living of many people. Many changes have been already observed by the scientists as the early effects of the global warming such as the extensive eroding and retreating of the coastline, dying coral reefs, saltwater intrusion. Furthermore, their involvement into the islands and destroying the freshwater resources of the aquifers, an upswing in forest fires, warmer air and impacting in a negative manner on the sea sacrificial temperatures.
The increase in the earth’s temperature is the result of the heat-trapping gases in our atmosphere, which affects the life of the planet badly. Sea level is expected to rise by between 8 and 30 inches by the year of 2100 the gradual slope of the most coastal line in the world will result in much greater horizontal advance of the waterline than is indicated by the vertical rise. This advancement can be hundred and fifty times the vertical rise and much more in low-lying areas” (Ackerman)
Recycling or conserving is the procedure of collecting resources and materials that have been declared as unnecessary or waste. The major difference between reusing and recycling is that while reusing is simply just a repetitive utilization of old goods and products. (Mowatt) In a process of recycling old products like plastic water bottles, pallets, computers and cell phones as a raw material to manufacture new products.
There are various ways of recycling by which we can gain benefit. Recycling saves energy because for the manufacturing of new products from the virgin material require a high amount of energy as in comparison to the recycled material. The old material requires less energy to shape into new material. Therefore, recycling helps to save the energy consumption and ultimately to save the economy. ("Ward")
Recycling minimizes or reduces the pollution and protects the environmental conditions. The energy preservation in manufacturing new products from recycled resources goes a long way to serving as well as helping the global temperature and climate change. By reducing and minimizing the utilization of energy in manufacturing of new products means fewer numbers of greenhouse gasses. Moreover, minimizing the usage of the fossil will certainly result in the lessening of greenhouse gases emission. Recycling preserves the natural resources as well as recycling saves the space that is used to for the waste disposal.
In a nutshell, we can say that global warming is a serious issue that needs to be addressed on a priority basis. Our world is facing adverse changes as the seal level is getting rise and the average temperature of the earth is getting increase. The glaciers are melting and the green lands are becoming desert. The world is facing adverse weather conditions such as tornadoes, cyclones, tsunamis, floods and associated environmental issues. With this increase in temperature several species are about to extinct from planet earth. The need of the hour is to have proper legislation to control the environmental issues and to control the emission of carbon dioxide to control the environment and natural resources.
Work Cited
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