The current paper critically evaluates the research work based on the negative impact of Zika Virus on the physical conditions of people. The purpose of the paper is to develop an understanding of Zika Virus by appraising and critiquing its effects and water pollution on the players who will be coming to Rio, Brazil for Summer Olympic Games. The research paper will make use of the social contract theory that explains that individuals’ ethical and opinionated responsibilities are dependent on the agreement or conformity to the social order in which they exist.
There are hundreds of athletic players expected to participate in the Summer Olympic Games 2016 in Rio, Brazil. The opening ceremony will take place on August 5, 2016, at Maracanã Stadium in Rio. One of the biggest challenges that are being faced by the administrative and management team is the prevention of Zika Virus. According to Zirin (2016), Zika Virus is an infection that is spread to inhabitants largely through the bite of a contaminated mosquito (Zirin, 2016). The most common symptoms of Zika Virus are fever, itchiness, and soreness.
Health-related fears have mounted over the mosquito-infected Zika Virus before the summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. According to the reports of IBTimes, Mchugh (2016) states that few Olympians from the US have withdrawn their names from the list of the national team, as they are afraid that they probably will get infected with Zika Virus (Mchugh, 2016). It could be stated that when people from around the world come the Summer Olympics, then they can become a victim of Zika Virus easily in crowded places, and the spread of the virus could become global as they go back to their country. The authorities of Brazil and management of Olympics have realized the possible spread of Zika Virus during the upcoming event, and they have taken steps to increase the awareness regarding the virus and precautions that players and attendees must take. There is a major concern on the international level that Brazil is at high risk of Zika Virus and water contamination.
The stakeholders involved in this issue are the players who can get infected with the virus, and the governmental and authoritative institutions that are responsible for taking actions to prevent the spread of disease and manage the cases of infected individuals. The other stakeholder is the general public that is at high risk of getting infected with Zika Virus and spreading it to others.
The stakeholder prioritizing is a shared procedure of examination, discussion, and argument. It helps to depict one of the several perspectives to establish the essential list of interested parties for research work. It is expected that the players participating in Olympic Games could catch Zika virus and would not be able to compete in the games. On the other hand, the other most important stakeholders are the concerned institutions as they have to take precautionary measures and plan actions to stop the virus from spreading. However, health conditions of general public and health-related issues will also create a great concern for the organization.
The governmental and other authorities have violated the elements of organizational ethics of social contract theory, as they have utterly failed to take certain actions to avoid and stop Zika Virus from spreading. Olympic Games are all set to begin in August, but the anticipated audience and players to attend Olympics have dropped due to the uncertainty, insecurity, and Zika virus spreading in Brazil. The principles of ethics such as social contractarian and utilitarianism are creating a quandary situation as the government and other related authorities are not taking measures to implement their personal social responsibilities. If I were there, I would have established a national ecological fortification agency. The main purpose of the agency would be to provide awareness program to local citizens relating to Zika Virus. I would have consulted well-known doctors to help the team in preventing Zika Virus and informing the individuals to take specific actions to avoid the spread. For water pollution, I would have approved a law that would have restricted local citizens from throwing garbage into the water. According to the social context of the case study, I would have recommended the researchers and inspectors to make use of principles of ethical theories such as social justice.
The convention of professional ethics arranges the principles of reliability, professionalism, and discretion to all interested parties and they are supposed to follow the principles strictly. According to Brooks and Dunn (2014), business-professional ethics is a structure of functional moral principles or proficient ethics (Brooks & Dunn, 2014). The main purpose of business-professional ethics is to inspect and scrutinize ethical and moral principles which are part of the production environment. In this case study, business-professional ethics applies to all portion of political and administrative performance to prevent Zika Virus in the country. Business-professional ethics refers to setting up modern principles or sets of standards that administrate the proceedings and behaviors of individuals to avoid Zika Virus in future.
Research ethics is involved in the analysis of principled issues that are raised when individuals are involved in the research work. In this case of possible spread of Zika Virus in Brazil, there are three intentions in research ethics that need to be considered. The first intention is to save human participants from harmful effects of Zika Virus. The second intention is to make it certain that the investigation of the potential disease spread out is conducted in a way that serves the interests of players and the general public. Lastly, the third intention is to consider the specific research behavior and plan for fulfillment of ethical concerns related to the supervision of risks faced by participants, considering their discretion, and obtaining consent to prevent Zika Virus.
According to Glannon (2005), bio-medical ethics is the study of characteristically contentious ethical issues arising from the emergence of new circumstances that lead to additional development in the field of medicine and biology (Glannon, 2005). In the case study of the possible spread of Zika Virus in Brazil, bio-medical ethics can cover ethical judgment and actions to be taken against the spread of Zika Virus. The justice principle could be explained as the ethical compulsion to make decisions by considering challenging claims and finding the most appropriate solution to the problem. In this case, the justice principle could be linked to equality, privilege, and impartiality in providing health security to all players who will be taking part in the Summer Olympics in Brazil.
The study tries to investigate the consequences of Zika Virus. Through this particular research work, it became easier to enlighten the negative impact of Zika Virus on Summer Olympics 2016. The mosquito-borne Zika virus and water contamination have become a major concern for the upcoming Summer Olympics games as global health representatives have issued high-risk warnings, and many participants have already withdrawn from the competition. In view of the social contract theory, the government and managerial authorities will have to further necessary actions to prevent Zika Virus from getting spread during the upcoming event.
References
Brooks, L. J., & Dunn, P. (2014). Business & Professional Ethics. Stamford: Cengage Learning Press.
Glannon, W. (2005). Biomedical ethics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Mchugh, J. (2016, May 6). Zika Virus In Brazil: Ahead of Rio Summer Olympics, Health Concerns Rise. Retrieved from http://www.ibtimes.com/zika-virus-brazil-ahead-rio-summer-olympics-health-concerns-rise-2378211
Zirin, D. (2016). Brazil's Dance with the Devil: The World Cup, The Olympics, and the Fight for Demorcracy. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
