The book to be used in the running record sheet is entitled Hello Children: Reading A to Z. The book A to Z is of aa level.
The formula is;
((Running Words –Total Errors) ÷ Running Word) × 100
((362-22)/362)× 100
=93.9%
Percentage accuracy of 93.9% shows that this is best for Instructional level for use in leveled reading session.
Self-Correction rate
((Total error + total self-correction) ÷total self-correction)× 100
(22-4)/4
= 1:4.5
4.5 rounded to the nearest whole number it becomes 5, hence the ratio becomes
= 1:5
Error Rate
Is calculated by dividing total words with the total error:
(Total words) ÷ (total error) = Error rate
362 ÷ 22 = 16.45
The ratio is then expressed to 1: 16.45
16.45 rounded to the nearest whole number is 17 hence the ratio becomes
1:17
This means that, for each error made, the student read approximately. 17 words correctly (Alphakids, 2002).
The cueing systems used by the child
The structural (S)
Meaning (M)
Visual (V) cues (Burgoyne, 2012).
Analysis of the child’s miscues
The error made by the child in page four when instated of reading the printed text next to the picture of an apple “An apple is a fruit. Red and Green apples are sweet” he read “An orange is a fruit. A red and a green apples are sweet” the child seeing the picture as an orange indicates this is meaning cue, and that is why M is marked. "The sentence an orange is a fruit" makes sense in English. This is because apple and orange are both nouns and can easily be substituted without sounding out of place while reading; hence the letter S is marked. Finally the only letters that the word orange and apple have in common is (a and e) this shows that the child did not attend to the visual information within the words hence the letter V is not marked. In this case, the child was using both meaning and syntax cuing system.
Error in page five that the child made from the sentence, “This ball is for Soccer” instead the child reads, “this ball is for circle” shows the use of meaning as the child seeing the picture of the ball sees the round shape of the ball hence using the word circle instead of soccer therefore the letter M is marked. The sentence, “the ball is for Circle” makes no sense in English hence the letter S is not marked. However, the child went back and corrected this error, reading, "the ball is for soccer" hence the letter V is on the SC column is marked. This is because visual was the cuing system that helped the student realizes that something was wrong with the reading and hence needed to be rectified.
Error was made on page seven when instead of the child reading “A donkey is an animal” he read “the horse is an animal” the child seeing the picture of a donkey as a horse shows that the child used the meaning cui system and hence the letter M was marked. The replacement of the noun donkey with the noun horse for the sentence to read, "The horse is an animal" makes sense in English. Hence, e the letter S is marked. On the child realizing the error he made, he goes back and reads the sentence correctly and the letter V is marked on the SC column.
In page nine, the sentence, “Fish live in fresh water” was read incorrectly as “Fish stays in fresh water” because the sentence makes sense in English and that the child went back and rectified the sentence, S is marked on the column of SC.
In page twelve, instead of the child reading, "Insect have six legs" he reads "Ladybird have six legs". Replacement of the noun insect with ladybird does not interfere with the English grammar hence the letter S is marked on the running record sheet. The child used visual as the cuing system to identify the image of the ladybird that brought about the error hence the letter V is marked on the running record sheet.
In page twenty-three, the child read the sentence as, “A table is found in the house” instead of him reading that, “A table is found in the living room” S was marked on the running record sheet because the sentence was right in English. While M was marked on the running record sheet because the child was familiar with the picture of the table as being commonly found in the house hence causing the error.
In page twenty-seven, the noun X-mass when replaced by the noun Christmas is right in English, therefore, the letter S is marked on the running record sheet. In page twenty-nine, the noun zebra is replaced with the noun donkey, this is because a donkey resembles a zebra when the child looked the picture hence M is marked in the running record sheet.
Recommendation
When the child is reading, he should be to visualize the event in the story, creating a movie or picture in his mind. Always show an interest on what the boy is reading. Know why the child disliked or liked the book.
The titles recommended for the child includes;
Books like; which are of aa level
Farm animals
This will enable the child to understand the domestic animals hence will improve his understanding of the animals.
My Family
This will enable the child to understand her surrounding an identify people correctly, for example, mother, father, sister, brother, and many more.
The Backyard
The child will have the opportunity to identify things found in the back yard. The child will have the main idea and details as well as connecting to prior knowledge as they read. Detailed, supportive picture, repetitive sentence pattern, and high-frequency words that support early emergent readers (Reading A-Z, 2002).
References
Alphakids, (2002). How to Take Running Records.
Web< https://www.louisianabelieves.com/docs/default-source/louisiana-teacher-leaders/fi4-handout-assess> accessed 11th November, 2014.
Burgoyne, K. (2012). A reading and language intervention for children with down syndrome: Teacher's handbook.
Hallo Children, Supplementary series: reading A to Z. Nairobi: Imaginative Designers and printers. Telephone number: 0722846693 or 0721570307
Learning A-Z, (2002). Running Records and Bench Mark Books.
Web< http://www.readinga-z.com/guided/runrecord.html > accessed 11th November, 2014
Reading A-Z, Level Book.
Web < http://www.readinga-z.com/books/leveled-books/?lbFilter[level-D> Accessed 11th November, 2014.
