The red streaks on the other hand are an indicator that the infection which resulted from the bite had affected the movement of blood within its veins, and this it the reason red streaks could be seen on the shoulder. Pus on the other hand is a white thick liquid that exudes from wound. Its presence in the bite was a clear indicator that the antibodies in Richard’s blood were fighting the pathogens that had been introduced into the wound by the bite and the reaction between the antibodies and the pathogens result to pus. The reason IV antibiotics were used in stead of oral antibiotics was because they were needed straight into the bloodstream, and Richard was not allowed to go back to work before healing took place was to avoid any more infection into the wound, and his work (sewer services) exposed him to a high risk of infection (Poulin, 2004, p. 167).
Among a few other diseases, cancer is one of the most serious diseases that have affected people from all parts of the world and different walks of life. Due to its lethal nature, many doctors and other medical specialists insist that early diagnosis should always take place to ensure that the disease is contained in its early stages; otherwise it becomes more and more difficult to be contained in its advanced stages. Its mode of transfer is quite varied and diverse, and in the provided case study, Mary who is 35 years of age had been a regular user of oral birth control pills. Many specialists have warned mothers to avoid as much as possible the use of these pills because they contain chemical make up that might affect the uterus which might in turn lead to cancer. After the diagnosis, Mary was found to have only the left breast infected. In many cases however, patients prefer having the other breast removed if one is found infected with cancer in fear that the second one will be infected too. Secondly, very few patients wish to have one breast removed and remain with one, due to esteem issues. If Mary had not had the left breast mastectomy, ductal carcinoma would not have been a problem in future because the infection would not have taken place. From the details provided in the case study, Mary’s breast cancer was in its initial stage since it was contained through radio therapy. ER positive on the other hand means that the doctors detected that the patient had cancer after carrying out a test with an Estrogen Receptor, and it is thus an important tool for the test and in determining the treatment to be administered. Lastly, the reason why radiation was used was because this is the safest and also cost effective way of curbing the disease when it is in its initial stages of infection (Rossi, 2010, p. 45).
REFERENCES
Poulin, R. (2004). Intensity-dependent mortality of Paracalliope novizealandiae (Amphipoda: Crustacea) infected by a trematode: experimental infections and field observations of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology]. New York: Oxford University Press.
Rossi, V. (2010). The Breast Cancer Companion: A Guide for the Newly Diagnosed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
