Psychology
The classical conditioning is the essence was the stimulus triggers the reaction to respond when the organism exposed to the stimulus. The reflex that occurs is the involuntary act, which someone just finds oneself doing something.The scenario of the child trying to cross the road depicts the unconditioned stimulus (US) which triggers the other response that is unconditioned (UR) which , voluntary response to the scenario, in this case to make the child be fearful of crossing the road in front of her house more attentive or become afraid of crossing the road.
The psychological concepts show the coordination of the brain with the external world, the child concerning its age is not away or have no idea of the dangers that befall her, one needs to ensure the process of explaining to the child to understand the importance of being vigilant when crossing the road. In curiosity, the child would inquire the reason for such restrictions and in this way, she will understand the reasons as an adult explain to her in detail and more clearly. The conditioning stimulus (CS) this is a neutral stimulus which particular, the CS elicits the occurrence of CR. In the classical conditioning, the essence of the new behaviors not learned at all just as the child is conditioned and she normally does it involuntarily. Instead of new behaviors, an association that is developed which is a combination of NS and US hence, the person in this case the child would respond to the events, which the person will tend to learn and respond to the new stimulus reflex.
Basically making a joke out of the essence of being hit by a car when one is closing the road which will evoke fear in the future of the child , so whenever an older individual make jokes out of it that a car could run over them and die as they cross the road.
In a general perspective, operant conditioning has an impact on a person’s voluntary behavior. It thus explains the experience of Vina current behaviors by identifying of the rein forcers of such a behavior and possible punishment attributed. Vina’s smoking habit is expounded by this [principle in the terms that it is a condition or process with strengthens her behavior thus reducing its chance of its repetition.
For Vina, cigarettes reduce feelings of tension and anxiety that explains the extent to which reinforcement for her habit is negative. This is because she tries to do away with her anxiety and tension (negative stimulus) by making her smoking habit more frequent and persistent (making her habit stronger). It is also an attempt of weakening her behavior of feeling tension and anxiety leading to less chance of it happening again this refers to punishment. Reducing of the degree of feeling tension and full of anxiety by presentation of heavy smoking habit (unpleasant stimulus) refers to a positive punishment.
Vina’s reaction when she encounters a feeling of tension and anxiety is considered a continuous reinforcement because it take place mostly when she feels excited (rein forcer) and tense and takes action to act upon the it responds. It develops as a habit to respond to the reinforce that arises due to the smoking. The habit falls under or refers to the primary and an immediate solution to the standing problem or challenge.
