Describe how data is transformed into information and how information is transformed into knowledge. Provide examples of how software supports these transformations.
Data and system processing create frameworks for the development of information. In turn, knowledge triggers good decision-making while wisdom upholds an ideal culture towards sustaining the decisions. The focused efforts for the data transformation into information and to knowledge are the core of successful systems of knowledge management. Irrespective of knowledge management systems setting up ideals to organize e-mail messages or integrate the requirements of complex web users from a given facility, the fundamentals can be related to the ability of organizing, interpreting, communicating, and making decisions through multiple sources and information bits. Transformation of information into useful knowledge for good decision makes tasks. The technology use in the storage and retrieval of critical aspects is discussed as the challenge’s answer. One of the systems that can be applicable in this case is MS Excel for standard computations and calculations.
Describe cloud computing. Explain three advantages and disadvantages for organizations that choose to use cloud computing versus owning and installing the software.
Cloud computing refers to network computing models for which programs and applications run on connected servers unlike on local computing devices as PCs, smartphones or tablets. A cloud computing benefit is that it achieves economies of scale through increasing productivity or volume output among fewer individuals. It also reduces the levels of technology infrastructure spending. Further, it allows for globalization of the workforce through affordable networks. On the other hand, cloud computing presents a number of disadvantages including a whole range of technical issues. Even though information, as well as data on cloud computing, is accessible anytime and from any place, there are instances where the system develops some serious dysfunction. The other critical element in the cloud includes possibilities of security breaches.
Explain the Five-Component Framework. Using Starbucks, explain how each component is used, be detailed.
The control environment component involves ethical values and integrity, commitment to competence, organizational structure, human resource procedures and policies as well as the management’s operating style and philosophy. The risk assessment component involves Starbucks’ objectives, managing change, process-level objectives as well as risk identification and analysis. The control activities component involves Starbucks’ procedures and policies, business continuity, security (network and application), outsourcing and application change management the information and communication component involves Starbucks’ quality of information and effectiveness of communication. The monitoring component involves Starbucks’ on-going, monitoring reporting deficiencies and separate evaluations. In Starbucks, the components work towards establishing a foundation for internal control in the company based on directed leadership and shared values.
Describe why relational databases are more efficient AND effective for data management in organizations. How does the task of restructuring the data help to achieve these goals?
Relational databases offer the users with the ability of simultaneously sharing information. With reference to the ideals presented in its rapid update, this allows the increment of speed and efficiency. Members of a given organization do not have to wait to achieve information or have absolute access to files. This is mostly because others are using it. In times that good relational databases absorb detailed designing work, with the important elements and foundation set up, the database becomes concise in users’ perspective. There is improvement on security as relational databases eliminate the essence of protecting fragmented data or information stored within different areas. The aforementioned design in the security perspective, backup becomes easier and allows for locking and securing information.
Why is the security essential to the overall system plan for an organization? How do IS managers identify threats and vulnerabilities? Describe at least three types of threats that organizations face today.
100% secures is hard to achieve in digitized information. However, information systems managers establish access levels through use of secure passwords and implementing logs that significantly develop information security. Threats are classified with respect to their origin and type. They include compromise of information (eavesdropping and theft of media); technical failures (software, equipment, capacity saturation); loss of essential services (telecommunication, electrical power, and air conditioning). It also includes natural events (climatic, volcanic, seismic), and compromise of functions (abuse of rights, error in use, denial of actions), as well as physical damage (fire, water, pollution).
