What are the three types of drinking water advisories? According to the research/media/First Nations, what are the main reasons why so many First Nations are under drinking water advisories?
The three types of drinking water advisories are: Boil Water Advisories/Orders (BWAs/BWOs), Do Not Consume Advisories/Orders (DNCAs/DNCOs), also called Do Not Drink Advisories/Orders (DNDAs/DNDOs), and Do Not Use Advisories/Orders (DNUAs/DNUOs). Water advisories can be caused by such reasons as problems with the water system like low pressure, bad pipe connections, improper filtration and insufficient disinfection from bacteria, and also precautionary measures. In order to provide First Nations with clean water, the federal government makes a number of provisions, but they are mostly unsuccessful; it is necessary to understand that First Nations consist of individual groups, not one, and each of them has their own issues with water and lives in completely different geographic and climate conditions. One more reason of this problem is lack of communication between all responsible for water agencies, both from the government side and First Nations side.
The Anishinabe ethic of “non-interference" means reluctance to meet other people, talk with them, and give advices without requests. Any interventions or comments on people’s behaviour are considered to be rude. For example, parents, instead of telling their children when to go to bed or to have dinner, allow them to make their own resolve based upon their desires and choices.
In one lecture, stereotypes of Anishinabe people were discussed. A stereotype is “a widely held but fixed oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. Stereotypes generalize groups of people in manners that lead to discrimination and ignore the diversity within groups.” In January 28th class, the stereotypes of “savage” and “Noble Redman” were presented and discussed. Give one example of how each of these racial stereotypes continue to be held/expressed against Anishinabe people in Canada today, and discuss how these stereotypes are wrong.
The “Noble Redman” stereotype shows the Indian as a primitive man romanticized as calm, stoic, and dignified “wild creature” that lives in the forest and is untainted by civilized vices. The “savage,” on contrary, is lazy, addictive, and dishonest Indian, drunken and incompetent. Nowadays, these two main stereotypes are a significant part of modern culture, and we can see them everywhere from cigar stores to books and westerns. Even if old westerns were not shown in Canada often, the stereotypes crossed the borders and strengthened in minds of Canadians who rarely had an opportunity to meet representatives of First Nations in real life and to look at them personally. That led to Anishinabe people being not taken seriously and their culture becoming a mainstream. Such stereotypes and following disrespect do not allow to get to know First Nations individuals at a more close, meaningful level and to delve into their culture, which is much more obscure than the one commonly presented to our society. This results in conflicts and becomes a roadblock on the way to future interactions between non-Natives and Native people.
What were the European childhood diseases that became epidemic in Anishinabe homelands in what is now Canada because people had no immunity to these pathogens? Name at least 5 different diseases responsible for Anishinabe population decline during earlier stages of the colonisation process.
On the earlier stages of the colonisation process, European colonists brought to the America such diseases as smallpox, measles, influenza, pertussis, chickenpox, etc. Lack of biological and cultural adaptations, imperfection of the health systems of First Nations led to uncontrolled expansion and epidemic of these diseases. During that struck, people died so often and in such great numbers that it became common for a lot of bodies to remain unburied.
