Free Essay On Research Study Questions

One of my research study hypotheses is as follows: when compared to other types of interventions, the Picture Exchange Communication System (SPECS) is significantly more effective at promoting functional communication between individuals. The null hypothesis (Hₒ) states that there is no statistically significant difference between SPECS, and other types of interventions, with respect to the efficacy of promoting functional communication between individuals.
This research study comprises a total of three distinct research questions. The first research question (already operationalized as a hypothesis) has an independent variable, which is SPECS applied to the given sample of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder, marked by verbal impairment. The dependent variable of the first hypothesis is measured in individuals with non-verbal Autism Spectrum Disorder by an improved ability to verbalize.
The second research question, “To what extent, or under what conditions, does the intervention promote vocalization or focus on the act of picture exchange?”, manipulates an independent variable, environmental conditions and degree of exposure to SPECS. The dependent variable is the amount of vocalization and task orientation, i.e. focus on the act of picture exchange. The third research question entails a longitudinal investigation. The question, “What is the success rate for conversational speech among those who begin PECS at a young age?” utilizes age as the independent variable, whereas the dependent variable is measured as percentage of successful vocalization, after a given period of time has elapsed.
The H1 is strictly non-directional because the alternative hypothesis is solely concerned with whether or not the hypothesis is true, i.e. statistically-significant. A Type I error would indicate that the null hypothesis is false (that the alternative hypothesis is true), when, in actuality, it is true. This is called a “false positive”, or a Type I error. On the other hand, a Type II error would erroneously accept the null hypothesis as true, when it is actually false. The Type II error is also called a “false negative”, indicating that the results of the measurable, alternative hypothesis are not statistically significant.
All three research questions (RQ) are posing a difference question. That is, two sample groups will be either administered SPECS, or other interventional methods of ASD vocalization methods. The difference between the two sample groups will measure whether or not SPECS is more, or less effective, than the other interventional methods.