Chapter 6
Q1.) Define job design
Job design is defined as the act of arranging or rearranging work in a systematic way. Individuals and groups in a given organization are allocated tasks with the aim of addressing issues of job dissatisfaction and staff alienation. Through job design, organizations raise productivity levels and employee satisfaction.
Q2.) Discuss Taylorism in the human services
This is a management concept where Frederick Taylor, the father of scientific management, thought that by analyzing work in a scientific manner, one could come up with the best way to perform a given task. Taylorism outlines developing routines used in carrying out duties, training staff for the routines developed and assigning staff work duties commensurate to their competences and abilities.
Taylorism in criminal justice refers to applying the principles of Taylorism in criminal justice organizations like the police. These organizations operate on a hierarchical style of organization. In this system, planning is management-centered and officers hold various ranks that come with authority.
Q4.) Briefly explain job design theory
The job design theory refers to the purposeful and systematic assignment of duties to staff within a given organization. This refers to Taylorism the original job design theory. Taylorism emphasizes that tasks should be standardized, and staff properly trained to perform the duties that have been put under their responsibility. The theory suggests that a standard method for a given job is created, and then proper staff is selected and hired. The staff if then trained and supported to perform the assigned duties.
Q5.) Discuss the New Criminal Justice and Job Design
The New Criminal Justice and Job Design consider extra-organizational factors that affect the performance of a given employee. These factors include morale, feelings and values of the workers. Supervisors play mentorship and counselling roles to workers. While this new approach may conflict with hierarchical system of some institutions of criminal justice, it highlights a vital consideration for institutions that deal with criminal justice.
