Managerial and decision making
Decision Making
Decision making processes occur in different organizational levels and communication patterns depend on the role played by the decision maker. In Washington, the Supreme Court appended same-sex duos that are married are entitled to federal benefits though there was no constitutional right stated. However, this ruling only gave permission to married couples in that state only. On June 26, 2013, the highest court having been asked to determine the constitutionality of section 3 of DOMA (Washington Post, 2014) gave them the leeway to federal rights. With such a decision at hand, the court personnel had to use heuristics of decision making. Heuristics is a rule or guideline used to help people in the decision making process and problem solving. It is a strategy that helps individuals to make effective and fast judgments.
Heuristics is categorized into availability, adjustment, representativeness, and anchoring. With the help of heuristics, the court employed a voting process where it was ruled by a 5-4 vote in which the section was declared unconstitutional. That decision had a positive impact and was effective since it involved voters to give their opinions. However, people should be careful to avoid making bad decisions that have severe consequences. Some of the consequences could be learning things the hard way, drained resources of money time and effort. Before making the decisions, individuals should take adequate time, and find adequate information to guide them through their decision (Facione and Facione, 2007). Age factor determines decision making; older people tend to think they have higher ability to make decisions than younger ones due to their past experiences. This decision had an impact on the Obama admin in controlling the marriage institution.
In the system of one and two of thinking, one is quick, require less energy and it is automatic hence this should be used to make emergency decisions and to brainstorm. The two thinking system is slow, requires more energy and opens up only when required. This should be used to make a lifetime decisions whose impact dwell in the overall long run. Both systems of thinking are natural, but neither is good in analyzing statistics. We need the systems in our daily activities to carry out the routines effectively. System 1 is always engaged, emotions and cannot be turned, off, and it has the risk of experiencing errors. System 2 is only engaged in specific periods (Facione & Facione, 2007).
The decision made was further supported by a Hawaii judge relaying that it was legal despite voters saying that it was banned 15 years ago. The decision was justified using the majority rule using system 1 and 2 of thinking so as to avoid the occurrence of what happened years back such as strikes and protests. This decision now permits the department of health in the states to start issuing licenses to the gay couples for their marriage, and wedding preparations can be done on the same day. Preference reversals involve questioning the validity of the theory of economy because they give support for the summary that preferences depend on responses. According to the Supreme Court ruling, the preferences are based on the response of people that led to the striking of people protesting about gay rights. Initially it was illegal, but now it is legal that is the preference reversal applied (Washington Post, 2014).
References
Facione, P. A. & Facione, N. C. (2007). Thinking and reasoning in human decision making. Milbrae, CA: California Academic Press.
Washington Post. (2014). Supreme court halts same-sex marriages in utah pending appeal. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/supreme-court-halts-same-sex-marriages-in-utah-pending-appeal/2014/01/06/b1af9794-76e9-11e3-b1c5-739e63e9c9a7_story.html [Accessed: 31 Jan 2014].
