The article outlines econometric analysis of the electric vehicles with regards to the costs. The authors argue that the electric vehicles are destined to offer solutions to petroleum related challenges in the motor industry. Through a simulation model, a comparison of the vehicle purchase and energy costs is made with the associated benefits. The authors concluded that more cost benefits can be realized from the electric vehicles in relation to the conventional vehicles. The associated economic benefits of the electric vehicles entail more that 45% reduction in petroleum consumption for each vehicle for every 32 kilometers. However, relative to the conventional vehicles, the electric vehicles have more than $8,000 USD incremental costs.
The article, a credible peer reviewed source, will be used in the research for evaluation of the economic and environmental impacts of the vehicles. The article is vital in making an informed choice on a better technology under the themes of fuel and energy savings, and the resultant incremental costs.“A sustainability assessment of electric vehicles as a personal mobility system”
The article analyses the economic and environmental outcomes of the electric vehicles. The authors argue that the transport industry accounts for 30% of the global fossil fuel emission. The increasingly escalating energy costs and challenges of climate change promoted the research on better mitigation strategies. The outcome of the R&D is the electric cars. The authors applied the Well to Wheel research methodology in the sampled secondary data analysis, for vehicles that use renewable and nonrenewable energies. The results showed that the hybrid electric vehicles have less than 50% gas emissions in relation to the conventional ones. On the other hand, the electric and normal vehicles have similar ownership costs, but the operational costs of the Battery electric vehicles are lower.
The article would be useful in designing the research study and evaluation of literature that look at the specific economic issues such as the operational and maintenance costs of the electric vehicles during their lifespans. The article also outlines the environmental benefits of the electric vehicles owing to the reduced fuel use. The projected fall in the battery prices shows that the electric vehicles may dominate the market in years to come.“The Industrial Ecology of Lead and Electric Vehicles”
The article purely focuses on the batteries used in the manufacture of different cars and the associated ecological consequences. The impacts of lead metal in either gasoline or batteries are evaluated. Use off lead as an additive to the gasoline has more negative ecological impacts because of the lead I entrained with the emission during the gasoline combustion through the vehicles’ tailpipe. The lead that leaves the tailpipe gets deposited on the soil, leaves, crops and water. Consequently, the lead is inhaled and ingested by human beings. On the other hand, use of lead in batteries provides some recycling opportunities since there is the confinement of the metals within the battery. The lead battery recycling capabilities show environmental and economic benefits.
The article offers a creative way of analysis the risk of electric vehicles. The article will be used as a literature that purely looks at the battery and gasoline aspects of lead. According to the authors, most current literature on electric cars maybe misguiding, because the researchers treat the lead battery and lead based additives in gasoline on a similar footing. While the authors vouch for the electric vehicles, and there is a call to adopt the lead battery in the electric cars since the situation offers a better way to manage hazardous product environmentally.“Impacts of Electric Vehicles -Summary report”
The article will be relevant in the study on a policy recommendation front. The article will be used to offer policy proposals the GHG for electric vehicle and the general transport sector. Further, it will help evaluate the economic viability of the industry. That is; the authors issued a red flag on viability of large scale introduction of the cars in the industry.“Socio-Economic Aspects of Electric Vehicles: A Literature Review”
The article analyses the socio-economic impacts of the electric vehicles. The historical aspects of that led to the electric vehicles research are analyzed. From the German perspective, the interest in research on electric cars was prompted by the need for alternative energy sources and the dangers of climate change posed by fossil fuels. The economic factors that have contributed to the popularity of the electric cars are the rising costs of fuel and need to manage the costs related to emissions. The authors identify “purchasing, insurance, energy prices and maintenance costs” as the major economic costs of the vehicles at consumer levels. The industry players also need to redesign their plants and incur more costs to train skilled workers. However, the authors argued that the buyers are willing to pay “€ 3,000 as a premium in comparison with conventional vehicles”.
The article will be crucial in the research as it offers the historical and projected issues under electric research. It will be used to explain the gaps and needs in the market that promotes the use of electric research. The threats of climate change posed by pollution from the emissions have necessitated the rapid research on better ways to deal with the environmental challenges.“The Cultivation of Electric Vehicles Market in China: Dilemma and Solution” The article analyses the environmental aspects of the electric cars. The focus is on global warming that has been a major concern for the international community. The Chinese authorities have been in the forefront for promotion research on the better models for electric cars as the country tops the global chart in carbon dioxide emission. The authors recommended adoption of differentiated energy supplement approach to better manage the environmental challenges associated with the electric cars. According to the article, the electric cars promote better ways to conserve the environment and the leads to economic efficiency. The electric cars are presented as better as they reduce environmental pollution through decreased dependence on the nonrenewable fossil fuels.
This article offers batter explanations on the relationship between electric cars and global warming. To promote the production, the government should come up with better economic policies. The price subsidies are suggested as better ways to accelerate the production and distribution of the cars.
Works Cited
Christian Hanke, Michael Hülsmann and Dirk Fornahl. Socio-Economic Aspects of Electric
Vehicles: A Literature Review. Web.
http://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9783642375576-c2.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1434383-p175088489.
Huib van Essen and Bettina Kampman. Impacts of Electric Vehicles -Summary report. 2001.
Web. http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/docs/summary_report_en.pdf.
Ricardo Fariaa, Pedro Mouraa, Joaquim Delgadoa and Anibal T. de Almeidaa. A sustainability
Robert, Socolow and Valerie Thomas. The Industrial Ecology of Lead and Electric Vehicles.
Center for Energy and Environmental Studies, Princeton University: New Jersey, USA. 2008.
Tony, Markel and Andrew Simpson. “Cost-Benefit Analysis of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Technology”. WEVA Journal, Vol.1, 2006.
Qinliang Tan, Minnan Wang , Yanming Deng , Haiping Yang , Rao Rao and Xingping Zhang.
“The Cultivation of Electric Vehicles Market in China: Dilemma and Solution.” Sustainability, 6,( 2014): 5493-5511.
