- http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-11/27/c_133818265.htm
Alternative story:
One-child policy -----the Chinese characteristics policy
Since one-child policy introduced in 1979, it underwent a long time to develop and improve. The aim of this policy is reducing population growth rate in China. The population of China boomed between 1949 and 1979. Now, China is the most populated country in the world. However, One-child policy was legislated in 2001 regularly. And in 2002, begin to implement.
The main content and purpose of family planning is: advocate late marriage, childbearing, fewer children, gifted students, and there are plans to control the population. And in earlier 20century, it is adjusted with allowing two children for families where at least one parent is an only child.
Less children more attention or more loneliness
It is easy to see that with fewer children in the family parents could pay more attention to only one child and provide them with the best opportunities in life. Mr. Yang said: “I received less attention from my parents because I have five siblings and I am the oldest child. My parents think that I could take care of myself and I also have responsibility to take care of my siblings.” He smile and said: “sometimes, I wish they could be more concerned.” Mr. Wang said he feels lonely because his parents are busy. Most of the time he has to stay at home by himself and sometimes his friends keep him company.
Fewer children less competitive
One child policy reduces the competition among eleven-plus and job hunting. As the data shows, in 2013, only two provinces achieved 90% enrolment rate. A majority of province’s rate are below 80%. In other words, there are around 20% high school students cannot go to university. Another study shows that unemployment rate between 4.0%-4.3percent. Yu Zhonghua: “if people do not enrol for unemployment then he/she can’t include into unemployment, sometimes people don't want to tell others he/she has no job because of their self-respect.” Human rights?
The One-child policy in some way is related to human rights. Some media critic say that females will lose procreative autonomy under the one-child policy. The problem extends to some new questions: whether protect unborn people’s right against born people’s right? Mrs Li: “I support one-child policy because a large population is not such a good thing. We have to face lots of environment problem, traffic jam, less available resources etc.” and she also mentions: “why we need to think about people’s right when they are not exist in this world and ignore our rights to get more resources and better environment now?”
However, sometimes women have to get abortion when they violate the policy. There is no place to support them and pay them subsidy for body damage. This is unfair because not all of them do have baby deliberately. One-child policy do not mention how to deal those problem in a humanized way.
Economy
Does one-child policy affect economy? Li Keqiang said that labor force is main elements for china economy. And one-child policy prevent labour force enhance. Then the results of apply one-child policy is to reduce china economy.
Opportunity cost increase lead many parents give up the second child. They can’t afford to have second baby.
Reflection:
Gu Baochang, the professor of People’s university suggested that the government should plan to release two foetuses fertility. He illustrates that the generation after the 80s and 90s have to care about this more than the elderly because they cannot receive enough take care from their child.
Gu Baochang mentioned that the problem in fact universal. The generation after 80s and 90s are not concerned about the current fertility policy because they are still young. Another reason is that, the opportunity cost of bring up a child is relative higher than before. Now, young people were not willing to have a second child nowadays. Therefore, fertility policy adjustment is not too concerned about, seemed to adjust or not does not matter.
However, professor Gu mentioned the problem is very serious because young people were born and educated with one-child policy and many of them never think about whether this influence their older period or not . The aim of one-child policy is to adjust population growth rate and bring positive effects for country and citizens then the advertisement of one-child policy may avoid some negative effects.
I choose these articles because all of them only excavate one or several angles. However, this policy not can be included into only one basket. It solves social issues and also brings social issues at same time. If you said that one-child policy hurt china economy by reduce labour force but it increases life standards. It hurts female right to give birth but it protect female from birth machine.
