ANNOTATED OUTLINE
Post-War Indian Policy and Aboriginal Activism: Annotated Outline
INTRODUCTION
African-American Civil Right Movement forced Canadians to overview their attitude toward First Nations.
In 1969, Canadian Prime minister wrote a policy paper proposal, according to which Indians became equal to Canadians, and Indian status was eliminated: The 1969 White Paper.
Why did Indians not support the 1969 White Paper and idea become equal to Canadians like African-Americans did in the US?
This paper is dedicated to analysis of the 1969 White Paper and historical background of those times. It contains information about the role and place of Indians in Pre-War and War times, change of attitude towards Indians in Post-War times, reasons that led to creation of the 1969 White Paper, its provisions, response to them, and following aftermath.
BACKGROUD: INDIANS IN CANADA BEFORE THE 1969 WHITE PAPER
Place of Indians in Pre-War times
Role of Indians in the Second World War
Changes in Indian Canadian Policy in Post-War times
CREATION OF THE 1969 WHITE PAPER
Reasons of creation
The Indian Act
Main provisions
Response from Aboriginals: the Red Paper
CONSEQUENCES OF THE 1969 WHITE PAPER
Changes in the Indian Act
Idea of Indian self-government
CONCLUSION
Summation of the work and answer to the research question
Annotated Bibliography:
Belanger, Yale D., and David R. Newhouse. “Emerging from the Shadows: the Pursuit of Aboriginal Self-Government to Promote Aboriginal Self-Being.” The Canadian Journal of Native Studies XXIV.1 (2004): 129-222.
The review contains analysis of literature and documents related to Aboriginal governance and preceded key public policy issues. It closely covers main themes and reasons that led to the necessity of Indian self-government. The work consists of six parts, and one of them is dedicated to the event of 1960-1970 years, primarily on the 1969 White Paper and its impact on occurring of Aboriginal philosophy related to self-government. It allows better studying of the 1969 White Paper and its historical background together with atmosphere in the country. The work also reveals one of the next consequences of the 1969 White Paper – a step towards Aboriginal self-government.
Coates, Ken. “The Indian Act and the Future of Aboriginal Governance in Canada.” Research Paper for the National Centre for First Nations Governance. 2008.
The paper deals with the deep analysis of the Indian Act, its history, development, and conceptual issues, provides First Nations’ views on the Act and their response together with reaction of the federal government and non-Indigenous people throughout time of its existence, gives an overview of changes and its possible future. The 1969 White Paper stood against the Indian Act, and overview of its content and responds from both Indigenous and Canadians sides are necessary for uncovering the reasons why the Indian Act was considered discriminating and why the proposal did not get support.
Francis, R. Douglas, Jones, Richard, and Donald B. Smith. Journeys: A History of Canada. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, 2009. Print.
The book covers all spheres of Canadian history starting with Early European Settlements and ending with our times. Its significant part is dedicated to history of First Nations including their role and place in the Second World War and Post-War period. Information that is provided by Francis, Jones, and Smith in their book, is necessary for understanding role and place of Indigenous people in Canada in times preceding changes in the Canadian Indian policy and possible reasons that caused them and led to the 1969 White Paper.
Leslie, John F. “Assimilation, Integration or Termination? The Development of Canadian Indian Policy, 1943-1963.” PhD Diss., Carleton University, 1999.
The thesis is dedicated to analysis of the evolution and development of Canadian Policy towards First Nations in 1943-1963 years, in other words, after the Second World War. The author claims that these years formed a period of significant changes for Indian policy and development of relationship between Indians and Canadian government. The years that are covered in this thesis, preceded creation of the 1969 White Paper. Information, which is contained and analyzed in the thesis, is necessary for providing background and better understanding of the attitude of Indians and Canadian government towards each other and reasons that led to creation of the 1969 White Paper.
Uribe, Julieta. “A Study on the Relationship between Canadian Aboriginal peoples and the Canadian State.” Canadian Foundation for the Americas, 2006.
The paper gives analysis of the relationship between the Canadian government and First Nations, and challenges and conflicts they faced throughout history. It includes questions and manifestations of Legal and Political Framework. It contains overview of the documents that preceded The 1969 White Paper and in one or another way had an impact on its development. The paper provides additional information about the development of political relationship between Indians and the Canadian government, and first attempts of changes in policy. It gives better understanding of the reasons that led to creation of the 1969 White Paper.
Works Cited
Belanger, Yale D., and David R. Newhouse. “Emerging from the Shadows: the Pursuit of Aboriginal Self-Government to Promote Aboriginal Self-Being.” The Canadian Journal of Native Studies XXIV.1 (2004): 129-222.
Coates, Ken. “The Indian Act and the Future of Aboriginal Governance in Canada.” Research Paper for the National Centre for First Nations Governance. 2008.
Francis, R. Douglas, Jones, Richard, and Donald B. Smith. Journeys: A History of Canada. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, 2009. Print.
Leslie, John F. “Assimilation, Integration or Termination? The Development of Canadian Indian Policy, 1943-1963.” PhD Diss., Carleton University, 1999.
Uribe, Julieta. “A Study on the Relationship between Canadian Aboriginal peoples and the Canadian State.” Canadian Foundation for the Americas, 2006.
