Introduction
The problem of processing of memory has been aroused by many famous scientists and it is mostly concerned as part of critical analysis of the multi-store model. Unlike the structural approach which focuses on various stores of the memory, for example, long term memory and short term memory, this approach emphasize the significance and peculiar features of the different processes that exist in the area of our memory.
Another difference between the two of these approaches is that processing of memory can hardly be called structural, while the multi-store model consists of various clusters which are hierarchical. This means that according to the processing of memory approach, memory is merely a thing that occurs because of the certain processes in our mind (McLeod, 2016).
Scientific Value of Researches
According to the researches of Craik and Lockhart, the memory is just a product of processing the ideas and information within our mind and we should not differentiate long and short term memories as there are no such things (1972).
Generally speaking, there are three ways of processing of information. Shallow processing may be presented in two types such as structural and phonemic. Structural processing is concerned with the physical properties of the words, the shape and look of the symbols or letters. The key of the phonemic processing is hidden in the sound form of the word we would like to remember. Apparently, shallow processing can be conducted with the help of constant repetition of the words.
Deep processing consists of two aspects. The first is semantic processing which occurs when we use the meaning of the word as a grappling hook for our memory or we draw the parallels between the words we have to remember and all the associations to the word or other similar words. Quite similar to the semantic procession is an elaboration rehearsal. But it is not the same thing. Elaboration rehearsal involves deeper analysis of the words we have to learn including the process of critical thinking over the words (Craik & Tulving, 2016).
Research Hyposethis
In the present study, we seek to replicate the research to explore the properties of peculiar words to be remembered. The list of words will be shown to a group of 70 persons and they are supposed to remember all of them. With the help of precise observations, we are going to define the dependence of the positions of the words to their position on our list .
That is why, the result is going to be as accurate as possible. All the words are going to be count and categorize with the help of Excel table.
Methods
1. Participants
There were 70 participants from different layers of society, with different ages and of different professions. Such a discrepancy between their age and social positions is intentional. It is called for discovering the dependence of these factors on the nature of human memory. The participants received no compensations, their interest is purely scientific as they enthusiastically want to know the results of the research.
2. Stimuli and apparatus
The list of twenty four words is the main resource for our research. They are printed on the single sheets of paper. The participants sit in the laboratory that is equipped with 30 computers. This means that the research is conducted in two ways. The participants are supposed to respond with the help of a computer. The computers are updated, the screen is big and bright, so they can easily type their answers without any physical obstacles.
3. Procedure
We give a list of words to each of the participants. They try to memorize the words for 3 minutes. Then they have to type their responses with the help of computers. The computers are already equipped with the tables, so the participants can easily fill them with their answers.
References
Craik, F., & Lockhart, R. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal Of Verbal Learning And Verbal Behavior, (11), 671-684.
Craik, F., & Tulving, E. (2016). Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal Of Experimental Psychology: General, (104), 268-294.
McLeod, S. (2016). Levels of Processing | Simply Psychology. Simplypsychology.org. Retrieved 10 February 2016, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/levelsofprocessing.html
