Introduction
The Chinese culture is one of the oldest cultures in the world, covering large geographical location in China. This culture varies greatly between the different provinces, cities, and towns in the country. The Chinese culture comprises of diverse religious beliefs, visual arts, music, literature, and cuisine (Chen, 2006). Presently, China comprises of 56 different ethnic groups, with Han Chinese being the largest group. However, most of the smaller ethnic groups have merged into other major groups. Most social values in the Chinese culture are derived from Confucianism and Taoism
Current/historical event
There has been an accelerating development of both inward and outward Chinese international migration, accompanied by a constant high-rate escalation of international flows and exchanges in investment, trade, technology, and information between China and the rest of the world.
The present model of immigration in China is characterized by difficulty, by diverse waves of people from different areas, many of them establishing communities in many parts of the world built on the localities and cultures of home (Colson, 2013). Presently, there are communities of first, second, third and fourth generation Chinese, with particularities and differences in their economic behavior and engagement in different kinds of activity across Europe.
Important Culture Identities
Asian immigrants have a lot to gain in the current United States reforms. Asians, particularly the Chinese we have been subjected to discriminatory immigration policies in US before. Chinese Exclusion Act was one of policies aimed at restricting immigrants from Asian countries. As a low class Asian immigrant worker, getting a low wage, I will benefit from a new non-immigrant visa, which will enable me to work for a registered employer. With this visa, I can work for 3 years over which I will be eligible to apply for a green card. Immigration Reform Act of 2006 (CIRA) enables me to be issued with non-immigrant visa that will enable me to change from one registered employer to another. The salient are equally important as it form the basis of our culture as Chinese.
- Community
The conference designed to integrate API voices into the broader immigration agenda. To achieve this, API organization needs to educate their base about immigration policies and their impact on the Asian community. Moreover, the community ‘s concerns surrounding immigration matters is through quantitative data as well as qualitative research that humanizes the debate around immigration reform so as Asian community like myself, gets a chance acquire citizenship and access facilities irrespective of their race.
- Religion
The USA patriot Act enacted one month after September 2001 and gave the government sweeping new powers to detain and report immigrants without hearing or access to attorneys. Thousands of South Asian and Central Asian men detained and deported, and several died in detention. According to the sources, the council on American-Islamic Relations, bias incidents against Muslims and Muslim faith soared after September 11, and 58 percent of all Muslims reported bias or discrimination during that period..
- Profession
Just after September 11, discriminatory laws and regulations that target Asian immigrants passed to hinder them access services and employment opportunities (Leslie, 2010). In Silicon Valley, the effects of the general economic recession and decline in the information technology sector had already led to widespread layoffs, especially of south Asian and Taiwanese H-IB contract workers.
- Sexual Orientation
Since the time Chinese attacked and destroy USA’s installations and oil reserve in Mexico in 1988 and the bringing down of American Airline 655 killing 293 passengers worsen their relationship. After the terrorist attack in Sep 2001, Individual from China and Asian origin were not left out, they were arrested in connection to the terrorist attack. Men in particular arraigned in court with a few of Asian women. But given the citizenship eliminates acts of terrorist in a better way.
Co-cultural theory
Chinese immigration in foreign countries happened in waves. This showed the dominance of certain sets of ethnic minorities. Settlements of immigrants resulted in the creation of ethnic enclaves. The minority groups of immigrants came up with a number of communication practices to help them communicate with the dominant population. One way of doing this was the formation of social organizations.
Currently, there are a number of social organizations operating in China that carry out their independent activities. These organizations operate in major cities, towns, and even in the rural areas. China is in a social transitional era at the moment. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) as a major force offers a forward motion to the vicissitude of China's social structure. The development of NGOs has attracted society's attention (Davis, 2005).
Professional social work is a new type of occupation in China. According to the
Chinese association of social workers' report, there are more than 200 universities that have a social work program. These programs provide opportunities for students of both gender and of different age groups to do professional social work.
Social identity theory
The social identity theory originated from social cognition theories that look at the ways that people see themselves, and others. According to this theory, ethnic and identity are the theoretical frameworks that link individuals to group membership. Chinese immigrants are found in segmented groups within the population according to their gender, race, and religion.
Immigrants live in marginalized groups because of the perception that the white people are more superior to other races in the world. This has brought the concept of cultural competence, balkanization, and the ideology of white supremacy.
Chinese immigrants are more enthusiastic to learn new behaviors and skills than change their attitudes and values. This is because success in a new setting involves the acquisition of new skills that does not depend on changes in self-concept and core values.
Organizational theory
According to this theory and its extensions, on international migrant, like for Chinese in America and Europe, the theory depict how they have pack themselves with other Asians to lobby for the rights to facilities access. Group organized itself so trigger their interest caused by geographic difference (Cheng, 2008). However, in the mid-1800s, contract laborers from china began to arrive in large numbers to work in the western mines, on the transcontinental railway, and on Hawaii’s sugar plantation. Due to economic threat, Hostility, cultural racism began paving the way to exclusion laws, which banned immigrants.
Social Dominant Theory
Dominance occurs majorly when a group claims supremacy over a resource. A case study of Chinese in America shows how the dominant group tends to formulate ways on how to tame the minor group especially Chinese in America and Europe just after economic crunch. They plot how they can hinder them from rising to senior ranks, amass wealth, access some facilities, and in any way suppress the weaker group (Cheng, 2008), Moreover, law’s enactment effected barring the usage of prestigious and high placed amenities with the intentions of sharing punish and discourage immigrants from fleeing to their country
Conclusion
Cultural identity is an important aspect in Chinese ethical consideration with respect to immigrants. Cultural values such as Chinese foods, sports, martial arts, and music helps me embrace essential values that bind Chinese culture together. Immigrants normally faced with a number of challenges that result in discrimination based on their religion, age, and gender. However, other Chinese values have formed the background of their tradition. According to (Cheng, 2008), social organization has also help us developed and maintain our Chinese cultural identity even in foreign lands where they work as immigrants.
References
Cheng, H. (2008). Culturing interface: identity, communication, and Chinese Transnationalism. New York: Peter Lang.
Chen, L. L. (2006). Writing Chinese reshaping Chinese cultural identity. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Colson, M. (2013). Chinese culture. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library.
Davis, E. L. (2005). Encyclopedia of contemporary Chinese culture. London: Routledge.
