Introduction
In most communities, family apartments were private spaces that offered a place of refuge and intimacy. Public spaces such as city squares were ideal for business dealings in addition to offices (Knowles, 2011, p. 130). This arrangement has since changed in the advent of information communication technology. Raymond Guess argues that the conception of privacy in modern times is where the identity of self-first has crumbled down (So-il.org, 2016). He goes further to observe that the community presently has the duty to promote and defend the security of individuals. Classic liberals are of the opinion that the basic right to isolation is an individual requirement which must be guarded by the state (So-il.org, 2016). The western philosophy of the notion of privacy is that the self must be distinct from the world. From that argument, an individual with privacy will draw a circle from the crowd and build a home where no one will be allowed in it. The Japanese, in their architecture offer a unique design of a house which includes both the private and public needs. The Japanese conception of societies and an individual is that individuals came first before they were integrated into the community. They therefore are of the opinion that the private is something which needs to occasionally be defended. However, in defending privacy, one must understand that the aggression must be in line with preexisting collective needs of others. In this paper, the aim will be philosophically analyze the concept of pairing as used in Ryune Nishizaw’s Moriyama House, taking into account the notion of healing and protection.
Concept of healing and prevention
Prevention and healing are two different concepts but which can be paired for a healthier individual. Chalk is a natural occurring product that contains calcium mineral. Calcium is a mineral that is required by the human body for the formation of strong bones and teeth. The body also needs calcium element to carry nerve messages from the brain to human body parts. When one consumes a lot of chalk, they are able to develop strong bones and body tissues which will not easily be torn or fractured when they are working. This is the preventing power of the calcium in the chalk. On the other hand with fractured or torn hands chalk has a healing power in making the fractured bones to recover faster. In real life, most injuries are both preventable and treatable especially those that occur on the hands including fractures and worn out tissues. When prevention is tied to healing, a person becomes more likely to live a healthier life. When treatment occurs, healing takes place. In prevention, the notion is to take care of hands. This can be done by applying chalk on the hands when manually working so that they are not torn or the skin is ripped off. On the other hand, when the hands are torn, fractured and have open wounds, the solution is to clean, cover them and apply natural effective healing agents like chalk. In this way, they speedily recover and the affected body part is healed. When chalk is applied on the hands, it creates a multilayer protection on the skin layers of the hands which protects it from effects of friction when one is working (Connor, 2016). Normally when people work in hot and humid climatic conditions, they tend to sweat which prevents effective gripping of objects they are working with. Chalk absorbs excessive moisture and provides a buffer between textured bars and skins thus preventing torn hands. On the other hand, chalk can be applied on hands to aid in the healing of injured tissues. Chalk is able to blend with natural pigments hence causes healing. Here, it is evident that natural healing and prevention power of the chalk does exist as a natural order in which it ties so perfectly for a healthier person.
Taking this argument further, the health, economic and social importance of goats in the lives of communities can only be evaluated by considering their nutrition value, functions and productivity. They have significance in religion, nutrition, economy and tradition. From the Greco-Roman times to the Renaissance periods, goat farming has primarily served the purpose of supplying urban and rural populations with meat and skins (Boyazoglu, Hatziminaoglou and Morand, 2005, p. 23). Goat meat provides the human body with calcium which is a vital mineral required for the formation of strong teeth and bones. Whether for communal or personal use, goats are also used when preparing traditional medicines when mixed with herbs. Goats have also significant roles in religious and ritual customs where witchdoctors and healers appease gods and spirits of dead people. When consumed, goat meat is a remedy and relief just as medicines are effective in preventing and healing since it provides the body with calcium for formation of strong teeth and bones thus preventing fractures. When people already have broken teeth, they consume goat meat which has a lot of calcium and are able to heal faster. Goats thus serve the same purposes that medicine and chalk serve in preventing and healing hands. Human beings celebrate goats in its effectiveness in playing the same role as medical elements. They are guarded as personal property and often are seen as a measure of wealth than an individual possesses (Okello, 1995, p. 34). Thus goats serve as a natural order through which the community and individuals can get healing and protection inform of calcium mineral they offer.
Chalk and goats are natural occurring products that have different properties but when they are used together they are capable of bring more benefits to a healthier life of people. When they are paired together, the amount of calcium makes it possible for the effective healing and preventing of diseases in the human body. In the same way, when gardens are introduced to inside architectural designs, a new comfortable housing design results. Gardens are normal not incorporated inside homes rooms and are often left on the overlooking space beyond the main house building. If they are however incorporated inside the house designs, there results amazing designs.
Concept of pairing
In the concept of pairing, two different items or objects are paired together to enhance the experience of the consumers of such items. In many cultures, one item may be have long history of only acting and being effective in a certain way. Its effectiveness can be enhanced when right combinations of another item with different elements with new textures and flavors are combined to make them more perfect (Haddock, 2012, p. 106). They are allowed to interact so that a new experience is created where new tastes and flavors are created. The balance must be met so that expected good results are obtained. One object that was associated with a certain response is combined with another that produces another response and together they produce stimulus for a perfect response be it psychological or physical response. This is the concept that Ryue Nishizaw’s Moriyama House has taken advantage of. It combines both the needs of a private and communal home to build one collective home that caters for both needs. It is actually much better than building homes which is either a private or communal residential dwelling place.
In the case of Goats and Chalk, both have a natural order through which they cause healing and protection. In the case of Chalk, it prevents the wearing of hands when applied on body surfaces but it can also cause the healing of body surfaces when applied this is because of the calcium minerals. On the other hand, Goats can cause healing when taken when mixed with herbs or prevent diseases again on religious and ritual roles with its calcium mineral. When both are paired and used together, they can make the healing process and prevention of diseases more effective. When their healing powers are combined that is the protective nature of chalk and how it induces growth of new tissues and the nutritious goat meat, a more powerful source of healing results than if it was only one of such natural occurring order.
Spoons and cups
Let’s go further and illustrate the concept of pairing by considering that every time people engage in complex and routine task, they are likely to enlist visual-motor operations which lie in their unconscious awareness domain. Consider an example of when a family member is preparing a cup of coffee. Assuming that the coffee is brewed and waiting in a pot and essential accessories such as an empty cup, spoon, and carton of cream and sugar dish are available beside the coffee, the steps that are followed are as follows. The first step would be to move eyes around the coffee pot handle then followed by slow movement of the preferred hand to the handle to grasp with safety. When the pot is lifted, the eyes now shift to the cup so that the pouring process is careful to avoid spills. Shortly after, another eye and hand movement would be needed to shift to the spoon. When the spoon is picked and the lid of the sugar dish removed, the gaze is directed to the scoping of the correct sugar measure and then tracking the spoon level to the point of loading it into the cup. In that simple task of preparing coffee it can be noted that the relationship between the spoon and cup are complementary.
In handling those two household items, their sequence of handling requires a combination of pairing of the eye and hand movement. While eyes are cognitively controlled, the hands movement is controlled by mechanical aspects. Yet the recognition of the role of each provides a good example of how concepts of pairing occur. When one wants to lower a spoon into the cup, the recognition of the spoon level and the amount of contents it has is basically relationship that is vital for every member of the family. Families cannot therefore ignore the operation of either the spoon or cup in making complex decisions. The family members will therefore consider rules of relevance of each of the accessories i.e. the cup and the spoon when they are making decisions. The idea is to go deeper in the analysis of rationality and interpret each of the accessories as related to the working of the other.
When children are learning to use items at home, they do so by nesting cups to spoons. In other words, they pair stationary objects to active ones (Goldfield, 1995, p. 286). Spoons are used for scoping meals from the dishes and into the mouth. On the other hand, cups are used to drink liquids from the meals. Their use can be paired together so that a young kid can learn to use them as compared to teaching them each at time (Landsdale and McKelway, 2015, p. 7). Consider the gestures that the mother uses in teaching a child to use a cup. Normally, these are the same gesture that she would use to teach her kid to use a spoon. They may be different but when they are combined they are an effective tool which a child can use to learn. The gestures play similar functions in both cases to help the kid to learn how to use the household items of spoons and cups. Cups and spoons are used during meal times and their combined use during the learning process of a kid is an effective tool (Kessel, 2013, p. 208). They cannot both be used separately and every home will require using them together. Families work together just as spoons and cup do. The relevance of each member of the family is tied to the actions of other members of that family. Family members learn to nest how a family works just as with the example of the coordination that exists in the eye and hand movement when handling spoons and cups.
Conclusion
In conclusion, from the above discussions, it can be noted that when pairing occurs, new and magnificent designs are created. As W.IB Beveridge observes, originality occurs when ideas that were not hitherto related are linked together. This leads to stronger ideas and designs the pairing up and creation of better designs can well be demonstrated by instances where an individual defines their self in contradiction of the common of the community. On the other instance, they define themselves from forms of the community. In the first instance, the individual is acting in closure but is opening up on the second one. In Japanese Architecture as envisioned and created by Ryue Nishizaw, Moriyama House the private is not necessarily defined as robbery of collective space but as a prerequisite for collective space (Sejima and Nishizawa, 2001, p. 111). In this new design, collective housing is created with autonomous cells which provide free space sufficient for private and social life. In each cell, there are boundaries that are socially designed and desired. Here, there is a communal kitchen, hammock which is unseen and a garden where large parties can be held. One can also leave their own dwelling places unseen by the collective. This design offers two opposite qualities, a living room which dissolves into the public space. The pairing up of public and communal needs in housing has led to develop totally significant structure that is transformative in its approach to privacy and communal residential needs.
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