A Review of a Journal article
What are the key objectives of the study?
The key objective of the study is to guide the reader about all the aspects of the research processes, which mainly includes objective formulation, choosing appropriate research methods, securing participants of the research and data collection, analysis and interpretation.
What is the research problem?
The research problems refer from simple to complex, depending on the nature and number of variables (both dependent and independent) and the nature and relationship between the variables (Bryman, 2012, pp. 3). Once you understand the nature of the problem, it will make you able to develop the result of a specific problem.
Identify the dependent and independent variables?
In a research, the independent variable is a variable, which varies by the researcher, whereas the dependent variable is the variable, which is the response that is needed to measure. It is the presumed effect, and dependent variable is the presumed cause of it. The dependent variable is the level of hyperactivity, with the ensuing measurable tests effortlessly highlighting any relationship (Bryman, 2012, pp. 332). Contingent on the outcomes, you could attempt to measure an alternate variable. For the certainty of the research, variables are regulated by expansions, dependability and legitimacy of the experiment. This shield makes it simpler for different scientists to rehash the analysis and exhaustively test the outcomes.
What you are attempting to do, in your experimental configuration, is to change the majority of the variables into constants, separating the autonomous variable. Any logical exploration does hold a component of tradeoff and inbuilt mistake, yet disposing of different variables will guarantee that the effects are vigorous and quality.How is the study operationalized?
The process of defining and measuring the variables is known as Operationalization. The process helped in defining the concept of variables and measured them, empirically and quantitatively. Alan suggests “the process of operationalizing” as the bridge between the quantitative study of literary works and the theoretical framework of the given approaches (Bryman, 2012, pp. 180)
What types of data gathering strategies are utilized?
A combined strategy as your style, mixing both qualitative and quantitative analysis information, techniques and techniques within only one analysis, structure Mixed techniques, techniques may mean a variety of things: is a variety of different types of techniques in a research or at different points within a research, or, using an assortment of qualitative and quantitative techniques
Mixed techniques include multi-dimensional techniques that merge to develop on strong points and decrease weak points that control from using only one analysis style.4 using this strategy to collect and assess information may assist to increase the credibility and stability of the research (Bryman, 2012, pp. 18). Tools for collecting information used are:
- Surveys
- Interviews
- Observation
The main methods used in social empirical research are the following. Observation is purposeful perception phenomena of objective reality, during which the researcher obtains knowledge about external parties, states and relationships of objects that are being studied. Forms and methods of fixation of observational data may be different. Feature observation as a method of gathering information - the ability to analyze versatile impressions about the object. It is possible to fix the behavior, facial expressions, gestures, expressions of emotion. There are two main types of observations: switched. If a sociologist studying behavior on the part, then he spends unincorporated observation.
The main object of observation serves as the behavior of individuals and social groups, and the conditions of their work. An experiment is a method whose purpose is to verify those or other hypotheses, the results of which have direct access to the practice.
The logic of its holding is that by selecting some of the experimental groups and placing it in an unusual experimental situation (under the influence of a certain factor) to trace the direction and magnitude of resistance change characteristics of interest to the researcher.
The Longitudinal and cross-sectional are two data-collection techniques that can be used with either illustrative or experimental research. The researcher has used the indicated and selective information gathering tools consistently and has the important points. Throughout the design stage, scientists must be certain that the study is well designed to be certain build credibility, inner credibility, outside validity, reliability and stability. Construct reliability and validity needs the specialist to make use of the correct actions for the ideas being analyzed
Triangulation is also used to address the credibility and validity of the information collected for the research. This technique uses several types of information selection, such as focus groups, statement and in-depth discussions to examine the assessment goals. Information selection techniques result in an approval of reliability and validity, when the information from the various resources is reliable.
Which hypotheses are tested and what is the research question
A research question is a formally expressed inquiry proposed to give implications about something of an investment in the examination process. It is an explanation, which recognizes the sensation to be mulled. An exploration question, dissimilar to a speculation, is not restricted to examining the connections between variables. The examination, inquiry is an articulation surrounded as an inquiry which may get some information about the relationship between variables, (for example, dependent and independent variables) in an exploratory study, or which may put forth an interrogative general expression about the zone under study.
The Relationship between Hypotheses and Research Questions
Hypotheses are frequently guided via exploration questions. While some exploration inquiries may be tried by theories, others do not oblige Hypothesis testing. A well thoroughly considered and centered exploration; inquiry is required to prompt a speculation indicating connections between two variables. Hypotheses, are critical and not vital for a scholarly study. There are studies in qualitative examination, which concentrate on hypothesis building, which begin with a negligible exploration address and end in an arrangement of generalizations, which may be made to structure a hypothesis.
What was/were the conclusions of the study?
The conclusion of the study is that, qualitative exploration is an adaptable, in-profundity manifestation of inquiry that is not commanded by facts or inflexible examination techniques the researchers and analyst embrace this qualitative and quantitative methodology to empower them to structure with their exploration subject or assembly.
Do you feel that the authors fulfilled his/her/their investigation? In this part, you would have to look at the objectives in the beginning and compare them to the findings.
The ideal "biblical canon" for anybody intrigued by or wanting to lead social research is general in view and comprehensive also. However, for those endeavor aces degrees and Ph.D. level a more particular comprehension of specialists picked exploration strategies are required.What is your critique of this article?
While this methodology could be condemned by rationalists for its immanent quality and absence seizure of observational systems, it does, nonetheless, offer even more in-profundity point of view into people. Qualitative exploration is thorough and exceedingly subjective because the analyst's examination is excessively affected by the perspectives of the scientist included. Likewise, qualitative examination does give a method for concentrating more mind boggling, in-profundity and extensive data from the social connections that might be challenging to recover utilizing quantitative systems.
Then again, this philosophy has been criticized by rationalist’s cosmology due to the quality-laden point of view it takes. Assuming that the specializes have conceptualized sentiments of the discoveries, it may because a predisposition in the effects and hence influence the validness of their work. Additionally the specialist may confuse the social phenomena they are mulling over and in this way experience issues, securing the true importance of that specific social circumstance (Bryman, 2012, pp. 339).
Qualitative examination can likewise be criticized in light of its absence of a representative of the bigger populace, as qualitative research commonly manages micro social issues that can't be generalized to the most extensive populace; in fact, they are connection particular (Bryman, 2012,pp. 330). However, qualitative analysts might see this as a preference in light of the fact that they oblige a deeper seeing with a specific end goal in addition.
References
Bryman, A. (2004) Social Research Methods (Second Edition), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bibliography
Andrews, R (2003) Research Questions, London: Continuum.
Bryman, A. (2004) Social Research Methods (Second Edition), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bryman, Alan (2008). Social Research Methods. Third ed., Oxford University Press
Bryman, A, (2001) Social Research Methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Crotty, M. (1998) Foundations of Social Research. London: Sage.
Denzin, N. and Lincoln, Y. (2003) Strategies of Qualitative Inquiry (2nd edition),
London: Sage.
De Vaus, D.A (2001) Research Design in Social Research. London: Sage
Flyvbjerg, Bent (2001) Making social science matter: why social inquiry fails and how it can succeed again. Cambridge University Press.
Geddes, B. (2003) Paradigms and Sand Castles: Theory Building and Research Design in Comparative Politics. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press
Hakim, C. (1987) Research Design: Strategies and Choices in the Design of Social
Research. London: Allen & Unwin
May, T. (2001) Social Research. Issues, methods and process. 3rd edition Buckingham: Open University Press.
Marshall, C. and Rossman, G.B. (1995) Designing Qualitative Research. Second editions. London: Sage. Chapter 2. ME. Sharp, Inc.
Mason, J. (2002) ‘Finding a Focus and Knowing Where You Stand’, Chapter 1 in, Qualitative Researching. London: Sage p.13-23
Pushkala Prasad (2005) Crafting Qualitative Research: Working in the Postpositivist Traditions.
Punch, K. (2005), Introduction to Social Research. Quantitative and qualitative approaches. London: Sage.
Robson, C. (2002), Real World Research. Oxford: Blackwell.
Tessler, M.A., Nachtwey, J. In addition, Banda, A, (1999) Area studies and social science: strategies for understanding Middle East. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
