The current growing dependence on electric infrastructure accompanied by a rapid change in generation side as well as demand-side technology ensures a reconsideration of the mandatory design principles as well as the operational concept of the grid (Kok and Steve 38). In its current state, the grid is accompanied by central generation connected with high voltage transmissions and one-way power flows along distribution feeders, providing electricity that meets transportation and the need for additional personalized energy options hence creating the need for more resilient as well as modular design and agile operational impression. The dramatic decrease in prices of computation, sensors, data storage and control technologies accompanied with improvement in algorithm competence are making these concepts possible. The more energy resources continue to be deployed on distribution systems the more consumers start to contribute to energy markets, the transmission as well as distribution boundary begins to blur.
A dynamic evolution characterizes the consumption of energy in various sectors. Even though the needs and consumption rates are considered different in different areas, absolute consumption figures are determined mainly by living standards, the growth of the economy, actual energy price, technological development weather conditions and size of the population. Trends and scenarios on the future energy need posses a significant increase in absolute energy consumption accompanied by a considerable change in the actual structure of the demand. Thus, determining the technological priorities demands a thorough knowledge of the characteristics that determine, in the major geographic regions, the environmental quality and the corresponding energy consumption. Even though for other countries, primary consumption of energy has been minimized during recent years as a result of intensive conservation of energy measures, prairie energy consumption continues to grow mainly as a result of the increase in various consumptions.
The present invention refers to a self-contained system of energy regeneration, which in addition to several advantages is considered. It has been known for many years how to construct machines that generate electric current. These are known by the “eclectic power generators” consisting of rotation machine that transforms mechanical power into electrical power as a result of the alternative action between a magnetic field and moving conductor (Fuller et al. 21). However the various types of the generator which make up the current state of the art require the help of a motor, which transforms mechanical power into eclectic energy, and that motor requires an independent power source which must be supplied continuously. Thus, a system of generating its power supply as well as providing extra supplies for other purposes is not known in the current state of the art. The applicant for the present patent has designed a self-contained energy regeneration system, which is capable of producing an operating energy in addition to generating a surplus which can base in electric networks using voltage converts required for any electric installation, whether in homes, offices, warehouses among other. With this, it is possible to reach places where it is difficult to install the power grid, allowing its use as an alternative source of energy other than solar or wind power.
While similar changes can be addressed with the help of principles as well as technologies that are used in transmission systems and putting them in distribution systems, it is not a duplicative solution by any means. The design scale, models, regulatory factor, and topology change the need for technological solutions. There have not been silver-bullet solutions that have been presented by technology due to the many options that are available to choose the form that suited for various regional needs. Additional to the difficulties that is experienced with the integrating transmission as well as distribution operations need to integrate and optimize distribution application as well as consumer resources through taking into consideration the differing values of reliability and other services to different consumers. An optimal transition to the future grid will need fundamental advances within “system-level” acknowledgment, enhanced abilities for analysis and exploring the design option space (Matusiak 149). Recent problems with increased solar penetration, contentions that have relations to net-metering regulations in various states and the initiation of the New York Reforming and Energy vision derivative indicate the experienced challenges with contraction of long-lived energy investment choice and the necessity of ensuring they are in the best of interest of various stakeholders. Coming up with equipment as well as capabilities that will be helpful access to different portfolios and options on a playing field level, high interoperability as well as framework illustration within individual stakeholders will increase the possibility of obtaining “no regrets” constructing ways that prove more cost-effective.
The grid in the current frame evolved from the gradual relation of vertically upright value, accompanied by the introduction of markets that are competitive, and is currently combined with technological intervention slew and third party products. As the grid turns to be more connected and complex as well, an understanding technique of the way that different players and pieces operate, relate and interact is necessary for ensuring reliable, secure, and cost-effective operating system. A formalized abstraction to assist in recognizing and mapping function ability of the system to preferred metrics as well as system characteristics provides support for innovation and has the necessity of making sure interoperability is ensured. Given the various stakeholders that are involved within power electronic system, concepts that prove common and fashions in which considering various facets of the system can be applied in aligning directions as well as facilitating the development of necessary standards.
The current available technological options which include responsive loads, electric vehicles, thermal storage and distributed technology, smart inverters on solar photovoltaic systems as well as electric vehicles, enhances the flexibility in a conventional thermal generation in meeting the growing demand. However, coordination of all these resources in a given way is necessarily different compared to the control technique is currently practiced, demanding the development of new management concepts. In the coming near future, managers will not be constrained to thermal generators, which include automatic governor management which involves economic dispatch as the main means of ensuring balance in the broader power framework. Connection to the distribution network and consumers with the help of appliances as well as demand response programs will provide an expansion the currently available options underachieve system objectives. The recent operating paradigm will need improvements in ensuring control of techniques that are in a position of spanning an entire system and handling probabilistic as well as stochastic nature experienced in variability as well as redistributed resources within emerging operating environs.
Making use of a centralized solution in the recent paradigm –providing additional distribution assets as well as centrally ensuring the control of the same asset with increased bandwidth and decreased latency communications—assume and increasingly reduced feasible as well as prohibitively expense. System designs that depend on local intelligence more and distributed management that are positions of accommodating two-way power flow in distribution systems and facilitating sharing of information for improved communication have to emerge. These necessities call for a combination of different centralized as well as distributed management paradigm, a hybrid approach, in managing the integrated grid of the future. For future management, the distinctive challenge experienced in developing technology has relations with security and reliance. Other promising research efforts in the same field involve grid systems that have the possibility of autonomously defending themselves from attacks and systems that have the possibility of flawlessly recovering from failures with an aim of maintaining grid operation.
Connection initiatives, spawned with the help of internet growth, offers new opportunities for integration of energy sources that are distributed. A significant necessity for resources that are ensured in operations provides the possibility for a smooth, predictable and stable response. Among the challenges associated with distributed energy resources is related to the increased development in control points that will need coordination in providing the response. Dislocating from thousands of centrally managed power plantations currently to a potentially one hundred of the millions of plug-electric thermostats, vehicles among other consumer-related assets is a significant development. A different challenge is related to consumer privacy relations –reluctance of sharing information with different other operators—which is in a position of making centralized participation as well as controlling unbeatable since good controls require efficient visibility as well as access to information that is rather accurate. Despite the fact that information is willingly shared, communication bandwidth limitations as well as the latency of information, from huge data amounts that travel long distances, may render centralized operational example unreasonable. In addition to these, because most consumers and third party service owners coordinated with grid operations, there is a need for appealing to the self-interest of owners such as rewarding their participation. Recent coordination as well as control concepts are necessary in achieving optimization over various actor oriented, which have the possibility of being synergistic or opposing, and needs to meet both local as well as system necessities.
‘Transitive’ energy involves an idea that potentially could enhance the possibility of contributing to the optimal balance of supply as well as demand at every level. It is recognized as particular economic as well as a control mechanism that provides dynamic balances of supply as well as demand along an entire electrical infrastructure with the help of value as a key functionality parameter. An increased share of electric demand is potentially responsive to price forecasts as well as grid conditions. In the case of proper management, the adaptive response can be utilized in significant efficiency as well as reliability. With the help of economic signals, consumer, as well as third-party assets, has the potential of competing in the provision of services and coordination with various operations. Transitive control solutions depend on decentralized approaches, where the discretion of the asset owner is maintained and making decisions kept locally and in private, yet coordinated assets have the capability of providing smooth and stable predictable response that is necessary for operations. Transitive approaches can be incorporated in distinctive structures as well as mechanisms that permit them to coexist with recent operational approaches.
On the other hand, because of the overall size as well as the complexity of electric power system, planning equipment and simulators can be developed in assisting with the answering of particular questions and supporting of decision making. From transmission expansion as well as production costs to module design and security approaches, planning equipment and simulators are used in a regular form for the study of distinct aspects, assessment of trade off involve in choices (Moffet 128). While accuracy of modeling, as well as simulating outcomes, have a limitation due to different factors, which include the availability as well as accuracy of data sets, the prescient as well as accuracy of models, simplifying assumptions, computational abilities and run moments, the results have been used in improving understanding of trends and for exploration of potentialities. As the world shifts to a future grid, organizing simulators and tools will turn out to be fundamentally important to making well-informed decisions about possible changes. For instance, planning equipment has the advantage of assisting in the determination of operation limits as well as the amount of reserves that are necessary for particular regions. Inaccuracies have the possibility of leading to conservative limitations that raise system operating costs or inaccurate setups for protection schemes that have the possibility of resulting in a wide area distribution. There is not any equipment that can answer some questions; various tools will be important.
The upcoming, interdependencies, interconnectivity, as well as the complexity of electric power systems, are demanding with enhanced abilities to answer questions. Most recent innovations can probably be leveraged in improving current tools, which include application of high-quality sensor data, such as phasor measurement units in validating models, making use of advanced computational platforms such as parallel processors in accelerating run times, in planning of tools as well as simulator that ensures the reliability, safe and securing of cost-effective delivery of electric energy through evaluation of architecture merits, assessment of implanted policy consequences, simulation of the efficacy of improved control concepts, as well as acknowledgment of the impacts that recent technology solutions have. However, challenges experienced in planning and simulation tools can be summarized in various categories. The transition capability of advancement in an operational system that can run in real-time based data feeds in supporting control and coordination, which is the huge challenge.
While operation models have relations with speed as well as accuracy, they have the possibility of benefiting from minimized order models that undergo development and are validated for offline plan tools as well as simulators. Other than the provided suggestions, future opportunities involve the development of a simple interface that relates to more complicated planning tools as well as a simulator that blends ease of use and analytical rigor. With advancement in cloud-associated computing, there could be a possibility of allowing broader access to advanced analytical capabilities. Also future, decision-making tools should be developed with an aim of accommodating major uncertainties that relate with the future grid. Regret-rationalizations-as opposed to cost or risk minimization; approach can be considered as grid investment. Random choices that relate with alternatives are based on the wish to avoid circumstances that involve non-chosen alternatives that are rather chosen. With this approach, a conclusion would be drawn based on rationalization of expected regrets as oppose to maximization of utility.
Works Cited
Kok, Koen, and Steve Widergren. "A society of devices: Integrating intelligent distributed resources with transactive energy." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 14.3 (2016): 34-45.
Fuller, Jason C., Stanley E. McHann, and Wes Sunderman. "Using open source modeling tools to enhance engineering analysis." Rural Electric Power Conference (REPC), 2014 IEEE. IEEE, 2014.
Matusiak, Bożena, Anna Pamuła, and Jerzy S. Zieliński. "New idea in power networks development. Selected problems." Przegląd Elektrotechniczny (Electrical Review) 2 (2011): 148-150.
Moffet, Marc-André, Frédéric Sirois, and David Beauvais. "Review of open source code power grid simulation tools for long-term parametric simulations." CanmetENERGY, TR–2011‐137 (RP‐TEC) 411‐MODSIM(2011).
