Migration is the world movement of people from one place to another intending to settle in another location either permanently or temporarily in the particular location, mostly it is over lengthy distances. In this kind of movement, the victim can move either voluntarily or involuntarily (Dingle & Drake, 2007). Migration occurs in many ways: it can occur between different contents, within a nation, or within a region. In the past, migrations have always transpired starting with the actions of the first group of human from E. Africa to their current families all over the world. It is important to note that, migration happens when a population move for a similar reason. This form of movement is divided into different types namely: The internal migration; moving to another home in the continent, country or state. External migration: the movement to a new residence on another continent, country or state. Emigration: relocating from one country to another. Immigration: Locating into a new nation. Return migration: a group of people moving back to their origin and seasonal migration: this is the procedure of movement of a given period of reaction to change in climatic conditions. Emigrants: these are individuals leaving a particular country to another while the Immigrants are the people who get into a country from another country for settlement.
The entire lands aspects and continents have been transformed by the human migration within the history recorded, the ethnic, racial and linguistic structures of their populations. People can be attracted to the movement for some reasons. For example in Canada, there is the provision of free healthcare, quality education, availability of job opportunities, proper democracy, and freedom and rights that are guaranteed by the constitution of the country. Additionally, Canada is multicultural, diverse and all races are treated in equal measure (Human Migration Guide).
In migration, push factors are the situations or circumstances in a country that motivate the emigration. These are the negative reasons as to why a given country is proving wrong to stay in hence prompting the victims to live their mother country to another. Besides, pull factors are the circumstances that prompts the immigration to another country by the victims, these are the real attractions that makes one want to live in another country hence pulling the victims into it. These factors can be economic, cultural, political, and environmental based (Push & Pull Factors, 2011). There are various kinds of push factors that can prompt the act of migration like war, overpopulation, poor living standards among the victims, lack of job opportunities and the absence of civil liberties. These are factors that that contribute to a lower life quality
Migration Factors
These factors of migration are divided into to two categories, the push and the pull factors. They include; Economic, cultural and environmental issues
Economic
In this case, the victims think of emigrating form paces that have got few employment opportunities as a result of economic restructuring, prospects of jobs varying from region to region or a country to another. On the other hand, people immigrate to places with job availability and natural resources that are valuable like petroleum that may attract engineers and miners. New industries may also appeal to technicians, scientists and factory workers.
Cultural
International migration has in most cases taken place for two main cultural causes’ namely political instability and slavery. Particularly from the African continent, large numbers of people were shipped to other nations as prisoners and slaves. Wars have also caused the migration of groups based on ethnicity in the 20-21st centuries in Africa and Europe. One more push factor would be prosecution fear that would prompt these people to be refugees. As pull factor, the political condition can also be involved, especially the lure of liberty. People tend to be attracted to the countries with democracy that encourage an individual choice concerning career, education and residence. After gaining the control of Eastern Europe by the Communists in late 1940s, many individuals in that area were dragged toward the North America and Western Europe democracies
Environmental
References
Dingle, H., & Drake, A. (2007, February). Https://bioscience.oxfordjournals.org/content/57/2/113.full.pdf html.
Human Migration Guide. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/09/g35/migrationguidestudent
Push and Pull Factors. (2011). Retrieved March 15, 2016, from https://1eonsauce.wordpress.com/2011/05/05/push-and-pull-factors/
Migration Push/Pull Factors. (n.d.). Retrieved March 14, 2016, from http://lewishistoricalsociety.com/wiki2011/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=28
