Social security/ protection means the presence of government and other policies focused on the management, prevention and resolving issues affecting the welfare of the society. They reduce vulnerability and poverty by the creation of a labor market that reduces the individuals’ risks. This paper will study the impact of social security on the labor market, with an emphasis on the gender balance there.
Social security is a policy that combines social security and poverty reduction concerns. The social security has focused mostly on the poor (Kabeer 13). Therefore, women have been left out of those policies. Not all countries consider the importance of social security. The paper studies the peculiarities of social security policies for women, focuses on social security in developing countries, and studies the role of social security for the labor market.
Gender imposed constraints from forms of gender disadvantage (Kabeer 23). They are informal cultural beliefs as stereotypical gender roles. It results in in disproportional representation of females among the poor (Kabeer 12). Gender roles prevent women development in the labor market (Kabeer 13). Social policies exclude women. Women vulnerability increases when policies do not protect them and their interests. Retirement and pension scheme is negative for women. Human rights violation influences women's liberation. Their prosperity is blocked (Sweetman 170).
Gender equality is a strategy to ensure equal treatment and perception of men and women. Gender mainstreaming is important for ensuring gender equality (Camfield 143). Social security has complex effects on girls. Access to the basic factors of work and education was improved (Camfield 124). Social security development is problematic in the developing countries. The plan of improving social security would increase household income (Adesina 458). The plan also provides participation of women in the labor force, access to education, health care, and insurance; and reduces their poverty and vulnerability level. The plan would increase the number of working people. As a result, the government revenue grows (Adesina 463). The countries would be able to provide better social services (Adesina 457).
Direct labor market intervention increases the employment of both genders. (Adema et al.18). Government regulations in the labor market include laws on equal pay and opportunities (Barrientos & Scott 68). Gender inequality in the labor market affects women. As a result, women occupy lover positions compared to men (Kabeer 21). They are employed mostly poorly paying public sector in health, education and social services. Men more often occupy better paying jobs in the private sectors. Social protection improves the efficiency of the labor market by ensuring there are enough workers to meet the demand (Adesina 484). Social protection ensures in the ability of the unemployed to find jobs and improves productive employment.
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