Globalization is process through which countries integrate in the fields of economy, culture and politics. It play a major role in reshaping the manner on which human culture and social affairs are tackled traditionally (Robinson 125). The major characteristic of globalization are categorized into the division of labor around the globe, the eradication and removal of the cultural borders existing between different countries, production and the peoples resources etc. This process encompasses aftermath of integrating transcultural and transnational of the human practices. In an economy point of view it has been described as an ability of a person and a corporate to conduct his or her transaction across national borders. Globalization has led to the development of several ethical problems in the management system of the multinational business entities. The manager finds it rough in determining the kind of relationship and nature of work suitable and justified in cultural context of different countries, thus resulting to the formation of moral principle and organization made of members from culture with moral and immoral differences. The social responsibility is a stakeholder model in that involve groups communicates their expectation as to what they require the organization to perform in economy.
The theory of moral relativism is the moral norms accepted by people in a certain culture to work hand in hand localized norms in evaluation of their behaviors. It is not widely embraced making the influential group to make different approaches; the first is the one that recommends any ethical dispute to be settled and handled by making an appeal to specific group moral practices and tradition. Whereas the second one argues that a community made up of its own culture and tradition is in a better position to offer its members the preference which acts a mechanism to over-ride obligations of moral nature which were generated as a result of abstract notions of justice. In virtue theory there is an argument that moral judgments works best when it is based on the character traits together with the sensibility of the individuals within a certain community. Globalization does not necessarily provides a universally moral values of a social groups whose member are oblige to rely on practices and traditions that ties them together. The major shortcomings of globalization to humanity is that those questions that comes up in the process are not dealt with urgently since the relativist approach does not provide a proper methodology or way to be use. This therefore calls for the incorporation of the local cultural norms in solving those problems that arises due to the differences between traditions and cultures. The manager of multinationals requires a particular criteria that will enables him or her to communicate across different cultures.
On the other hand relativist approach argues that the cultural values of a particular community are of the same justification to that of another community. Multinational manager has solace in some of the culture and tradition after the failure of relativism, these practices are of significant use to the manager in the sense that it is able to set the universally valid moral values and standards that evaluates and facilitates behaviors in the involved cultures. It simply means that the moral standards are justified rather than being recognizes by all other communities. The people’s actions in the culture are evaluated using the moral principles generated by the human right principles. These and other ethicists declared its allegiance to the human rights principles that argues that the actual bearers of right are specified individuals and not persons in group. The main role of human right theory is to come up with positive and negative rights that give the individuals liberty to oversee their own set objectives free from any intimidation from external forces in the community. It clear that individual got their own objectives and welfare that exist separately from those of the community. It goes further to argues that with respect to individuals activities there are entitle to the right to pursue their personal goal and welfare without considering the community’s’ welfare and goals.
Collectivist cultural practices states that the human person identity is dependent compared to the identity of that person’s community and it give priority to the go and welfare of the community over those of the individuals. Collectivist is term used to refer to those cultural practices characterizes by set goals and the entire interest for individuals and groups are given priority. Human right plays an important role in parochial theories, especially in the west, and it has fail to deliver the proper kind of criteria required by multinational manager in nom globalization ethics. The other factor that has failed the multinational managers is the utilitarian theory. It is general knowledge that morality needs the behaviors and rules to maximize utility but this theory claims that the bearer of these utilities should be individuals and are expected to maximize them. On the contrary, to the human right theory claims that individual the one that bears vessels of value and judgment of morality is to be based on the level to which individual rather than collective groups are allowed to define him or herself.
Manager concentrates on the use of owns country ethical standards in coming up with a global decision making and relevant shaping practices. Many approaches are trying to elaborate the globalization ethics, among this is the concept that explain how home country ethic are applied without taking in account the cultural practices and the interconnection type which led to a good posture of international borders. In Tom Donaldson and Thomas Dunfee contribution it indicated that how the global ethic standard navigate international cultural differences. It operates within circles of hyper norms set to stand for the transcultural values desired and at the same time it incorporates a moral free space together with the illegitimate norms. All these norms are balanced in navigation of the global international water and are required to be vigilant to the trancultural values.csr offers effective guideline on the way manager should produce goods and services and also achieving the global setting. Economic responsibility aspect is a contingent issue upon regional and local obligations and expectations within a financial market. A vital element for management is legal responsibility, which also contribute in globalization by bringing together the difference existing between the host count and business entities. One thing is clear that most business care a lot on their reputation and it is here when ethical responsibility stands in to embrace the events and practices expected and prohibited by the community. This responsibility entails every scope standards, ethical norms and goal that show the fairness and justice within the community It is very importance for human race to have access to clean water and an adequate sanitation, globalization therefore has n hand in strengthening the people’s right to water though co modification and water privatization has encountered a limited accessibility. Privatization of Water has contributed to the existence of corrupt incentive. Ethics is embedded a collective programming of the people mind thus distinguishing different people from each other. It either falls in the positive or negative part of ethic e.g. corruption which is regard to as a taboo in any management system. Globalization take moral safeguarding measure by establishing the multinational code of ethics and ethical cultures that eradicates the practices of discrimination against any person in decision making process. The influence of globalization has led to the changes of the tradition values along the family and religious ties. The tradition communities adopted the western culture but also maintaining their old traditions al values. But some other individuals opted for the adoption of a full global culture and rejecting their traditional values.
This process is a developing and stabilizing force hence it has enable most countries around the globe has got an opportunity to expand their economies and availing a broader market share due to its geographical coverage. The manager of the multinational, come up with suitable and reliable methodologies to be used by the individual from different cultural practice and countries to communicate effectively and efficiently with each other thus creating universally standards. With all this in place they experience an increase in the commercial demand and boosted in the project set in place for the purposes of improving the infrastructure of particular countries.
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