Introduction
Globalization is an inevitable phenomenon in the history and future of humanity. It means that the world because of the exchange of goods and products, information, knowledge and cultural values has become more interconnected. Over the past decade, though, the pace of this global integration has become much higher due to the unprecedented and impressive achievements in the areas of technology, communications, science, transport and industry. Although it is believed that the globalization processes have been launched in 1492 by Christopher Columbus, the world community forgets the globalization processes of the ancient world, especially the most famous of ancient empires - Roman.
Roman globalization was the desire to establish a known consistency in the field of economic, social, political, cultural and religious relations in different parts of the Roman Mediterranean. In the 1st-2nd centuries The Roman Empire as the state entity formed a community encompassing a huge area of modern Western, Central and South-Eastern Europe, most of the modern Middle East, and North Africa.
Roman Empire Expands Borders
The Empire included about a hundred public entities, dating back to ancient times, several hundred of various tribal alliances and ethnic conglomerates. The population of the empire reached 80-100 million people, which, apparently, was then about 40-50% of the world population. Each of these multiple states, tribal alliances or ethnic communities had a formed mentality, folk psychology, and their own cultural standards. Before the rulers of the vast Roman Empire stood the primary task of leveling these well-known chaotic masses of differences, more or less introducing a unifying approach. It was impossible to solve this problem without the Roman Empire establishing a strong public education. Nonetheless, the Empire failed to achieve a more or less complete unification. However, the very idea of globalization of such differently oriented development processes in the vast Mediterranean world began to be implemented in the 1st-2nd century.
Three Areas of Roman Politics
This idea was realized in three spheres of the imperial policy: economic, social, cultural and religious. In the field of economic policy, the imperial government used the production division among the provinces and the establishment of a vital exchange of products of commodity production through the commodity exchange mechanism, as well as through enforcement the public distribution system. The solution of this problem has led to a radical restructuring of the traditional economy of the Roman republic and the creation of a fundamentally new imperial economy.
The second sphere of the central government's policy for the globalization and imperial unification of the Mediterranean world was a municipal-political unification. It should be noted that this was not just a Romanization of the Empire, as was commonly believed in the scientific literature, but a more complicated process of creating an imperial mechanism.
In addition, a very important third sphere of the imperial globalization was the religious and cultural policy. This meant a creation of the Roman Synthetic Mediterranean culture, which began to spread in the Roman Empire, just as in the 1st-2nd century. The main principles of the Mediterranean – religion and culture – have received their completion in the 3rd-4th centuries. Moreover, the essential foundation of a new Mediterranean religious and cultural policy was that it was not strictly uniform, but assumed the existence of various components of the regional system, formed taking into account the historical and ethnic traditions of the people living in these regions.
Roman Globalization
Strictly speaking, the globalization processes carried out by the Roman Empire, of economic, socio-political, religious and cultural life of the Mediterranean world was the first globalization as such in world history. As such, it served as the historical foundation of regional unity of the conglomerate, which is defined by the term "European world", with all its relevant regional differences. The phenomenon of globalization consists of the concepts of success, achievement of something; but if there is progress, then, at the same time, there are misfortunes, which are closely linked to globalization in history, and which may throw new light on the dangers of modern globalization. As soon as it is achieved – unfortunately, often the means of peace becomes war - and it is important to know what constitutes dominance, if it is meant to participate in the establishment of the desired order.
The Roman world brought its people, or at least the higher layer of universal citizenship - they became citizens of the world. On the one hand, the Roman globalization has led to the creation of a legal space; therefore, the legal concepts and practices that are associated with the pacification and must accompany it. Finally, there is the problem that we face today: the problem of language, linguistic unification.
Conclusion
What can we say to rebuke globalization? At the end of a sufficiently long period – for tens of centuries – the Roman world was unable to integrate or assimilate new citizens. Those, called "barbarians" were unable to enter into the Roman system and space. Globalization will eventually lead to a revolt of those whom it does not bring benefits, but only condemns to fruitful labor or exile. Nonetheless, it is safe to say that globalization, even as it is understood today, has been present prior to the discovery of the Americas by Columbus. The Roman Empire is a striking example of how unification and globalization processes can influence the development of whole nations.
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