English
a) The NSC - 68 (National Security Council Paper Number 68) was written in 1950 and displayed the strategy, the aim of which was to win the Cold War and to resist the Soviet Union. The creators of the NCS – 68 created the guideline the main points of which were: isolation from the other countries, the beginning of war, the renewing of the negotiation with the Soviet Union, and the prompt development of the military forces, nuclear arms, economics, and politics in the free world. The creators emphasized on the last point, arguing that it will help the US to restrain the aggression of the Soviet Union. The NSC-68 resolved that the only way for the US was to resist the USSR aggression by building up arms that would protect them from the Soviet Union and air attacks (‘President Truman receives NSC-68 at History.com’).
b) In June 1950, the North Korea invaded South Korea, beginning the Korean War. This invasion made Truman fearful of extending the communism via Asia. That’s why President Truman ordered to give to the South Korea military aid. And the Soviet Union in its turn supported North Korea. The US Administration complied the NSC – 68 recommendations immediately. The Administration tried to give the Soviet Union the opportunity to retreat without provoking an open confrontation (‘US Enters the Korean Conflict at Archives.gov’).
c) ‘The Sources of the Soviet Conduct’ was originally published in July 1947 by George F. Kennan, a minister-counsellor of the US Embassy in Kiev. He highly criticized the Soviet System and considered that the friendship between the USA and the USSR was impossible. He outlined the main principles of the Soviet System in his article ‘The Sources of Soviet Conduct’. According to Kennan, the Soviet Union didn’t want to have peaceful coexistence with other countries and he strongly exhorts Truman not to expect the partnership between the Soviet Union and the US. Kennan considered that the USSR’s capitalism would lead to a rebellion of the working class and the USSR’s Administration wants to concentrate its power totally in its hands. That’s why he argued that the politics of the Soviet Union was weak and a total failure. And Kennan’s document and his views were considered to be the impetus of the Cold War.
a) After the World War II, the soldiers of the US Army were coming back home and found out that the economy of the country raised. Wartime production pulled the US economy out of depression and there was a huge variety of jobs, and wages were higher. That’s why the consumer society appeared. New federal programs, including the Bill Of Rights, gave American people the opportunity to purchase their homes. Americans invested in the items based on the house and family life.
b) At the mid1950s the first credit card appeared: the Diner's Club - card that allowed eating at the limited amount of restaurants. Later the new credit cards appeared which gave the great rise of the economy in the USA. People prefer to buy now and pay later. They wanted to make their life easier by buying different appliances they needed in the household. They desired most of all new kitchen appliances: refrigerators, washing machines, vacuum cleaners, etc. They also bought new cars, houses, swimming pools, televisions – things that made their life easier.
c) But there was also the lower class of people who as opposed to the middle class lived in the big poverty. This lower class (about 25% ) lived in the urban neighborhoods and in depressed rural areas(‘American Experience at pbs.org’). They couldn’t effort to buy new and modern things which were accessible to the majority of the Americans.
d) Society still remained democratic, giving the Americans a lot of opportunities. President Eisenhower said that the United States became an economic superpower, which led their citizens to a better and safer life. People could effort to live without financial difficulties, having all they dreaming about in the free democratic society.
Works cited
President Truman receives NSC-68 (2016). HISTORY.com. Retrieved 21 July 2016, from
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/president-truman-receives-nsc-68
US Enters the Korean Conflict (2016). Archives.gov. Retrieved 22 July 2016, from https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/korean-conflict/
American Experience (2016). pbs.org. Retrieved 22 July 2016, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/tupperware-consumer/
