The left and right hemisphere of the brain, are connected by the corpus collusum and commissures. This anatomical structure is important for the sharing of information between the two regions of the brain. Each hemisphere of the brain, specializes in certain specific functions. Language, logical thinking and calculations is under the regulation of the left hemisphere. The right hemisphere of the brain, specializes in face recognition, spatial reasoning and music. In some individuals, the function of the left hemisphere dominates over the right hemisphere. While in others, the right hemisphere dominates the left hemisphere. The left and right lateralization governs a person’s personality, creative thinking, a way of thinking and performing tasks. (Peterson, 2013)
Severe impairment in a person’s language is observed, when a damage occurs in the Broca’s area in the frontal cortex of the left hemisphere. In most individuals, the left hemisphere has a dominant regulation over language and over voluntary control of movement. Thus, following brain injury to the left hemisphere of the brain, the patient experiences difficulty in talking and writing language. The lateralization of speech is more in men, when compared to women. In general, females tend to use both hemispheres of the brain to more or less equal extent. Thus, the language problems associated with damage to left hemisphere is more pronounced and frequent in men, when compared to women. (Peterson, 2013)
Studies have identified that injury to the area of the left brain in children, is not associated with complete compensation of language function by the right hemisphere. There is a strong predisposition in most human beings to organize language processing network to the left hemisphere. Thus, children with damage to the left frontal cortex area and temporal regions of the brain, may have difficulty in achieving language fluency. (Raja Beharelle et al., 2010)
References
Peterson, C. (2013). Looking forward through the lifespan (5th ed., p. 288). New York: Prentice Hall.
Raja Beharelle, A., Dick, A., Josse, G., Solodkin, A., Huttenlocher, P., Levine, S., & Small, S. (2010). Left hemisphere regions are critical for language in the face of early left focal brain injury. Brain, 133(6), 1707-1716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq104
