Introduction
- Definition of type two diabetes is one where the body does not produce enough insulin that would otherwise be important in the normal functioning
- It is a chronic or a lifetime condition which has no cure, but can be controlled
- Ninety percent of the population of diabetic people suffer from type two
- There are approximately three hundred and eighty-two million patients of diabetes
Body
- Sedentary lifestyle NIL type two diabetes
- It also fits the definition and the meaning of the term an emerging disease
- There is a likelihood of the society to have an increase in the number of patients of diabetes in the near future
- Financial strain, emotional trauma and eventual death are some of the risks associated with diabetes
Conclusion
- Type two diabetes is a sedentary lifestyle disease
- There is a high chance of it increasing if no mitigate measures are taken to control it
The term diabetes refers to a metabolic disorder whereby the body of the human person is unable to produce sufficient insulin thus making the levels of glucose in the blood to rise. (Avogaro Giorda, Maggini, Mannucci, Raschetti, Lombardo, 2007). In retrospect, diabetes is a terminal condition that has no cure thus the patient would only control or live with the condition for his or her lifetime. In the world, today there are approximately three hundred and eighty-two people who live with diabetes. It is also critical to note that in the whole diabetic population; ninety percent of the population suffers from type two diabetes while the remaining ten percent are patients of type one diabetes. (Buse, Klonoff, Nielsen, Guan, Bowlus, Holcombe &Wintle, 2007, p. 141).
Historically, it is presumed that one older Greek doctor or Physician by the name Aretaeus of Cappadocia recorded the first ever clinical description of diabetes. He noted that there were huge amounts of urine that did pass through the kidney and thus, no cure for the disease. In principle, this was to confirm that life with diabetes became painful, disgusting, short and incurable.Oskar Minkowski and Joseph von Mering are credited with noting the crucial role that pancreas did play relative to diabetes. By specifically taking an experiment, where they removed pancreas from a dog, and it developed similar characteristics as those of diabetes. Conclusively, they noted that diabetic people suffered from a deficiency in some chemical, insulin that made them exhibit those characteristics.
In principle, type one diabetes refers to a condition where the body does not produce insulin at all.In type two, the pancreas produces insulin that is not however sufficient to enable the human body to work efficiently. As a matter of fact, diabetes results as a condition or situation where the B-cell are impaired in their functioning and the pancreas does not release enough insulin. Patients especially the youth who have an impaired glucose tolerance has high chances of insulin resistance, which may be occasioned by the type of sedentary lifestyle one leads or obesity. During the initial stages of pathogenesis of glucose intolerance, the insulin resistance is compensated by increased insulin secretion by the B-cells that produce insulin. This scenario continues to maintain homeostasis up to the point whereby the pancreatic B-cells would fail completely thus transiting the prediabetes condition to clinical diabetes. (Colhoun, Lee ET & Bennett PH, 2001, p. 59). Similarly, there are several groups within the human society who are at an exposed risk of suffering from type two diabetes. For instance, the obese or overweight, people with a lot of visceral fat and as a person grows older then the realistic chances of contracting type two diabetes also increases. For these reasons, this paper would focus on type two diabetes. Because it has a high chance of affecting a bigger portion of the human population relative to the type one diabetes (McVeigh, Brennan, Johnston, McDermott, McGrath, Henry & Hayes, 1992, p. 772).
In a clinical sense and aspect, type one diabetes is a situation where the immune system of the human body destroys the beta cells which produce insulin and the alpha cells which produce glucagon. Consequently, insulin is no longer produced, and the levels of sugar in the human body rise. Type two diabetes has often been referred to a lifestyle disease because most of the people who suffer from it live a specific or particular lifestyle. It is to imply that in the recent past, there has been a gradual and steady increase in the number of type two diabetes because the human population has in a way embraced a particular lifestyle. For instance, people are forced to spend most of their time at work sitting on their desks without sufficient breaks to exercise (Jenkins, Jenkins, Zdravkovic, Würsch& Vuksan, 2002, p. 623). In most instances, people work from six in the morning to six in the evening with no time to exercise or engage in any meaningful and gainful physical activities. Secondly, it is also fair to assert that most of these people eat unhealthy foodstuff because of the kind of meals breaks that they have at lunch time. This chronology would inevitably make one to be obese thus exposing one to have an impaired glucose tolerance condition which is in line with obesity. Once one is obese, then the B-cells in the pancreas that secrete insulin would also be impaired or malfunctioned. Thereby releasing less which would lead to type two diabetes mellitus (Janssen, Gorter, Stolk, Rutten, 2007, p. 559).
A practical instance and example is an increase in the number of people in a generation that watches a lot of television and plays a lot of video games rather than engage in physical activities. Automatically, these children spend most of their time sitting and eating unhealthy food which would lead to fats being deposited along their abdominal zones (Jacobson, Groot & Samson, 1994, p. 270).Abdominal fats cells in the case of obese people would let fatty acids into the blood that would stimulate the liver to release triglycerides and glucose. If this process is prolonged and continued over time, the muscles in these regions would become unresponsive to insulin and therefore the beta B-cells would be destroyed.
Subsequently, the number of obese children in the society today makes the fifteen to eighteen percent of the total population. The above implies that the entire population of obese children is also exposed to the dangers and risks of being affected by type two diabetes (Horikawa, Oda, N, Li, X, Orho, Hara & Bell, 2000, p. 169).
Tentatively, the term an emerging disease is used to refer to an infectious disease which has been on the rise in the recent past precisely in the period of the last thirty-five years. It would also refer to a type of disease whose rates of infections and incidence have a chance of increasing in the near future. Thus, for a disease to be named as an emerging disease, it has to make up to twelve percent of the whole pathogens in the human population (King, Aubert & Herman, 1998, p. 1415). From this definition, it would pass without mentioning that type diabetes is an emerging disease because there has been a steady increase in the number of diabetic types two patients in the society. The above has also been compounded by the fact that the society today has embraced a sedentary lifestyle, where there is little room for engaging in exercise and an even slimmer chance to engage in healthy eating habits (Gudmundsson, Sulem, Steinthorsdottir, Bergthorsson, Thorleifsson, Manolescu & Graif, 2007, p. 987). This logic stems from the fact there is an increase in the number of obese cases. Thus, diabetes would pass for an emerging disease.
Diabetes type two has a number of negative effects not only on the patient, family, nation but the society at large. Patients of type two diabetes require specialized treatment which does not come cheap, not only to the patient by the society as a whole.The financial burden that the patient and family would suffer is so high. Secondly, emotional trauma that the patient would live with knowing that the condition is permanent, is a huge toll that would require a lot of care to handle (Davies, Storms, Shutler, Bianchi & Gomis, 2005, p. 1283). Empirical evidence and facts have also shown that as age progresses. Then there are high chances that a type two diabetic patient would suffer mortal or fatal loss or death (Mori, Otabe, Dina, Yasuda, Populaire, Lecoeur& Froguel, 2002, p. 1249).This is to imply that death, emotional trauma or psychological torture and financial strain are some of the most outstanding effects of having diabetes.
It is a threat in all aspects and respects given the fact if a section of the population is affected by diabetes then working population and productive age group would also be affected. It is to imply that the society as a whole would then spend a lot of time and resources taking care of the patients (Imperatore, Hanson, Pettitt, Kobes, Bennett & Knowler, 1998). These resources would have otherwise have been used to grow wealth and better the welfare of the society. Thus, the society would otherwise have to be forced to spend time and resources taking care of the diabetic patients.
Conclusion
This paper has discussed in details some of the reasons that qualify diabetes type two to be an emerging disease in the society today. Summarily, it has focused on the reasons as to why the type two diabetes is likely to affect more people in the society today relative to type one diabetes. In type one diabetes, the body own immune system destroys the pancreatic B-cells which secrete insulin and thus no insulin would be produced. On the other hand, type two diabetes, pancreatic B-cells do not produce sufficient insulin. It has also focused on some of the reasons which make the type two diabetes to be referred to as lifestyle disease (Hering, Kandaswamy, Harmon, Ansite, Clemmings, Sakai & Buestone, 2004, p. 393).It is imperative to mention and record that given the current data and information on the trend of type two diabetes then there are high chances of the prevalence of type two diabetes being on the increase.
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