Good Essay On Geography Of The Middle East

The modern world is divided into two major geopolitical axes concentrated around the Middle East. One of the axes consists of the countries that resist to Israel (Iraq, Lybia, Syria, Russia, China, Iran, Palestine), and the other one includes its supporters (the USA, Saudi Arabia, France, UK, Egypt, Turkey). The aim of this paper is to analyze the reasons that divided the two geopolitical axes and united each of them at the local, regional, and international levels in Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Lybia, and Palestine-Israel wars.
Palestine-Israel conflict has a long story. After the end of the Shah monarchy in 1979, the alliance between Iran and Israel ended, and Iran started to support Palestine at the regional level. At the same time, Iran also ended its relations with the USA. Iran is a part of Persian Gulf countries, the largest exporters of oil on the world market. Any rise in world prices on oil would affect American and European economies. At the same time, limitation of the US power would result in consolidations of Russian and Chinese positions. The U.S. and its allies were also afraid that Iran could attack and destroy their military bases in Israel and Qatar. While Israel was supported by the USA at the international level and by Saudi Arabia and Qatar at the regional level, Russia backed Iran and Palestine at the international level, as the Russian-American rivalry has been continued since the Cold War, and Iran has always been a common foe of Saudi Arabia and Israel as refused to recognize the existence of Israel and supported Palestine.
The Iraq War started in 2003 with the U.S. and British invasion of Iraq. The major parties were Iraq and the U.S at the international level. The Iraq War was the war between Iraq and Israel through the hands of the U.S. that has supported Israel at the international level for a long time. The reason of the British participation was the international partnership between the UK and the U.S. The government of Saddam Hussein was a regional supporter of Palestine. Furthermore, Israel had a threat of a military attack from Iraq and Jordan. The Iraq War solved both this problems. As Netanyahu said, “America is a thing you can move very easily, move it in the right direction.” The partition of Iraq was a part of the Zionist plan that made Israel closer to obtaining “The Promised Land” and expanding its territory.
The Libyan Civil War took place in 2011. The parties were National Transitional Council and Libyan Arab Jamahiriya at the local level. National Transitional Council was supported by NATO at the international level and by several Arabian countries at the regional level .The war was fought against Qaddafi political regime. Qaddafi was known for his tyranny but advocated the African unity and was considered Africa’s “king of kings.” Qaddafi had clamored against apartheid and the partnership with Israel that was interested in Africa. He wanted to establish a new African currency able to compete with dollar and euro. His leadership was undesirable both for the U.S. and Israel. The supporters of Israel actively encouraged Lybian rebels, as National Transitional Council was the pro-Jewish and pro-American government. The other axis also clamored against Qaddafi terrors but refused to recognize the new government. Libya is a large North African oil producer. Furthermore, the active support of Libyan rebels granted the USA and its allies the improved relations with African countries.
The Yemeni Civil War started in 2015 and is fought between two fractions to establish the Yemeni government: the Hadi government and the Revolutionary Committee at the local level. The Houthis that constitute a significant part of the Revolutionary Committee clamor against the USA and Israel and have a slogan, “God is great, Death to America, Death to Israel, A curse on the Jews.” The win of the Revolutionary Committee will mean the end of the relationship between Yemen and Israel and its regional and international supporters. Yemen is located in a strategic position on Bab el Mandeb. The end of this relations will mean that the U.S. Marines and Israel will not get access to one of the most active shipping lanes in the world. The interest of Saudi Arabia in Yemeni has a religious nature. Shiites from the Revolutionary Committee took control of the Yemen government while Sunnis dominate Saudi Arabia. These Islam branches have a long history of confrontation, and Saudi Arabia supports the Hadi government at the regional level. The USA and its allies support the Hadi government at the international level as do not want to lose their positions in Yemen. At the same time, the Revolutionary Committee is regionally supported by Iran. Iran, in turn, is internationally supported by Russia, as a weakening of the U.S. positions is advantageous for the Russian government.
The Syrian Civil War started at the beginning of 2011. Its two major parties are Syrian government and Syrian Opposition. During the Lebanese Civil War, Syria and Israel were in different fractions, and after the pullout of the Israel army, the U.S., the UK, and France who support Israel on the international level clamored against Syrian troops located there. Moreover, the Assad government clamored against Israel. Russia is an international supporter of the Assad government while the USA, the UK, and France advocate its resignation and support Syrian rebels at the international level. Assad regime guarantees Russia good relations with Moscow and limitation of American power in the Middle East. The win of the pro-American and pro-Jewish Syrian rebels guarantees the increased relations between Syria, Israel, and the USA at the international and regional levels. Israel supports Syrian Opposition and Iran supports Assad at the regional level. Iran accused Israel and the U.S. in supporting ISIS as long as the war is economically profitable for them. ISIS terror intervenes the increasing influence of Iran that is opposite to Israel. The U.S. ex-intelligence chief supports this point of view saying that the rise of ISIS was “a willful Washington decision.” Turkey supports Syrian rebels at the regional level as wants to establish military bases in Qatar.
The major goal of Israel is unity of all Jews and expansion of the territory. Israel and the USA have been allies for a long time, and their international partnership is mutually profitable. Israel and Iran are rivals, and Saudi Arabia is a regional supporter of Israel as it has conflicts with Iran regarding different views on Islam and oil trade. Russia internationally supports Iran and Assad due to the Russian-American rivalry that has lasted since the Cold War. European countries including the UK and France internationally support Israel as they have an international partnership with the USA. The mentioned wars constitute a part of the Israeli plan to strengthen its position. The increased strength of Israel will mean the strengthening of positions of its supporters. Countries resistant to Israel try to intervene this as do not want to lose their positions in the Middle East.