1. Milgram’s Obedience Experiment is considered as one of the most controversial experiment in the field of research. Arguments questioning the experiment mentioned that most of the procedure involvement violates ethical consideration in experiment administration. The methods in the controversial research impacts the participants because it gives them the impression that they are harming other people, but must continue for the sake of the research. It can cause future harm in the mental state of the participant because it questions both their values and provide them with the wrong impression of research compliance. Cozby &Bates mentioned several actions that may aid in avoiding the same controversy of the experiment. One is that the researcher must keep in mind the safety of the participants; considerations must not only be physical but also the mental and emotional aftermath to the subjects.
Moreover, in the experiment the subjects were not debriefed about the experiment, even at the beginning the instructions were not clear. In the field of research, deception is acceptable only for the reason that it may affect the accountability of the research result. Debriefing is important because it allows the researcher to clear out issues concerning the researcher to avoid the potential harmful effects of the deception. It is clear that the experiment violate many aspect of research ethics because it exposed the participants to risky situations and did not comply to the appropriate level of deception. The guidelines are important to provide the balance between scientific accountability and ethical consideration for the research participants (Cozby and Bates)
2.
Peer evaluated journal materials are references published upon the approval of a board comprising of specialists. Scholarly/ Peer reviewed articles differ from other available materials because of the review process that provides the materials with more authority The advantage of using peer evaluated journals include the credibility of the studies available because before it can pass the review, it must be at par with the standards laid out by the review board. The studies are carefully evaluated to avoid the spread of misleading information. A person who wishes to subject his or her paper for review, they need to submit copies of their work to scholars or experts in the field. The evaluators critically evaluate the work; they are given the authority to comment and critique if they feel that the work lacks anything (Koerth-Baker, 2012). The difference between peer reviewed materials and published works in magazine and other print media, is that magazines and papers is usually evaluated by editors and not field professionals.
In the concept of research or any writing process, plagiarism is considered as one of the major violations. Plagiarism is stealing other people’s idea, thoughts, and works and claiming it as their own. It is considered as academic dishonesty and deemed as immoral (Blum, 2010). Citation is important to avoid plagiarism because it recognizes that the idea is not theirs but of other people. Citations also provide protection for the authors because it provides security to their work, to avoid misrepresentation.
References:
Blum S (2010). My Word! Plagiarism and College Culture.
Corby& Bates, Behavioral Research 7th Edition
Koerth-Baker M (2012). Meet Science: What is Peer Review.
