Introduction
The Civil Right Restoration Act of 1987 also known as Groove City Bill was a US legislative act that focused on governing the recipients of federal funds so as to comply with civil rights laws in all areas (Safransky, 2017). It was enacted to protect the Title IX and Title VI of 1964, which govern institution’s wide operation. The 1987 Act contains three additional federal laws, which are Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, and Title VI, which was created to fight discrimination involving recipients of federal financial assistance (Robinson, Allen & McClure, 1989). Since the enactment of the policy, it has greatly impacted the American universities and colleges.
Background
The Civil Right Restoration Act 1987 incorporates Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975 (Villalobos, 1990). Title VI prohibits discrimination based on color, race, and national origin while Title IX prohibits discrimination based on gender in education programs. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits discrimination based on disability in all programs while the Age Discrimination Act of 1975 generally prohibits discrimination based on age in all programs or activities that receive Federal financial assistance (Summary of Federal Laws - Office of General Counsel, 2017). This act mostly affects institutions of higher learning; universities and colleges by regulating the federal funds it receives. The Act also restores the provisions to campus-wide programming. The population at risk were those people living with disabilities inclusive of those with mental illnesses and AIDS. These people had to fight for their own rights despite the fact that they lacked the necessary resources to do so. These people were highly discriminated either by being charged extra fees or by being disallowed from using resources.
Analysis of the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987
The growth of women’s participation in sports teams
The Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 has increased the growth of women participation in sports team since its enactment (Lewis & Dale, 1988). Hence, the enactment of the Act has brought about the gender balance not only in the US education sector but also in institutional sports programs. The act has led to the empowerment of women.
Federal funds as the main influence of the institutions
The Act has enabled regulation of federal funds in the most appropriate way in the higher institutions of learning. It also ensures that the funds provided by the federal state satisfy American universities and colleges.
Limitations described in the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987
One of the limitations of the 1987 Act is that some of the organizations or institutions of learning do not comply with it. Another limitation of the Act is that it cannot satisfy all the colleges and universities equally.
Recommendations
The American government should analyze the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 annually so as to determine its influence on organizations and institutions of higher learning.
The Act should regulate and monitor federal funds in the growth of women’s athletics.
The Act should consider the changes in non-discrimination laws.
The Act should review and act upon the social problems that may arise.
The Act should protect women since they are among the population at risk.
Conclusion
References
Lewis, Karen J. & Dale, Charles V. (1988). The Civil rights Restoration Act of 1987: Legal Analysis of s. 557. Congressional Research Service. The Library of Congress.
Robinson, Robert K., Allen, Billie Morgan, Franklin, Geralyn McClure. (1989). The Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987: Broadening the Scope of Civil Rights Legislation. Labor Law Journal.
Safransky, R. (2017). Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987. Law and higher education. Retrieved 21 January 2017, from http://lawhigheredu.com/31-civil-rights-restoration-act-of-1987.html
Summary of Federal Laws - Office of General Counsel. (2017). Counsel.cua.edu. Retrieved 21 January 2017, from http://counsel.cua.edu/fedlaw/Cr1987.cfm
Villalobos, P. Michael (1990). The Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987: Revitalization of Title IX, 1 Marq. Sports L. J. 149 Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/sportslaw/vol1/iss1/6
