For example Elizabeth L. Angeli, Department of Psychology, State University.
This research was supported in part by a grant from the Sample Grant
Program.
Angeli, Department of English, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 55555
The Centralized Pubic Safety Agency (PSA) Paradigm
A new approach and a paradigm can be devised in which all the entities and personnel related with criminal justice can be centralized to form a single body that would address the crime situation as claimed by Sunil Dutta.
Dutta points out that certain loopholes and flaws that need to be dealt with to create a rosier situation. He suggests a Centralized approach towards crime fighting. It has been pointed out by Sunil Dutta that the current justice system has many serious problems and loopholes that should be addressed and properly amended. He suggests changes on a massive scale. He also states that the PSA system has been implemented before on a much smaller scale with very promising results.
The current system is decentralized to the extent that it is inefficient and can be administratively challenged. Due to these factors, many innocent people had been arrested and even put on death rows. In order to paint a complete picture, he provides a lot of evidence from his previous law enforcement experiences. The current law enforcement system is promoting a lot of biased and racist views among the blacks and Hispanics.
It is claimed that there are no reforms or any serious efforts to rejuvenate the Criminal Justice system. The fundamental flaws are ignored. At the same time, the crime fighting cost is on the rise and the taxpayers are overburdened. This rising cost is making cities and states go broke. The taxpayers are turning their attention to a better solution. The inefficiencies of the system have also been pointed out by Sunil Dutta. It is said that all these inefficiencies can be sorted out by integrating different crime related entities and related personnel under a single benchmark (Scott, 2011).
Centralized and Decentralized Justice Systems
There is no man made system on the face of the earth that is perfect. Every model of centralized or decentralized system has its advantages, disadvantages, flaws and deficiencies. The discussion on centralized and decentralized systems comes down to the output that is expected from it.
The Centralized system (or a single PSA model) is seen as a threat to personal freedom. A centralized criminal justice system destroys some of the most important values that United States of America stands for, these values are related with liberty, the freedoms that the bill of rights speaks of in the constitution of United States.
While, the greatest disadvantage of the decentralized or fragmented criminal justice system, already in place in the US, is viewed as flawed and inefficient. Taking this decision, to centralize it by unified PSA is not easy because it is the most important decision that a law enforcement and other related agencies have to make, not just in the United States, but all around the world (Ncjrs.gov, 1995).
“American law enforcement is not a single, large system of law enforcement. American government in general, is itself is based on the concept of decentralization” (Unknown, n.d.).
The decentralization of the criminal justice is heavily influenced by the will of the people of the United States. One of the most prominent reason of United States decentralized Justice System is that United States has been divided into fifty states. Each state has thousands of entities as counties, courts, social welfare agencies. When we think of law enforcement, the law has to be enforced in a particular geographical and political boundaries. There is no single law enforcement in the United States of America that has complete jurisdiction. Each state has its own agency to enforce American laws in its jurisdiction. The concept of a unified Public Security Agency violates the Constitution of the United States of America. Therefore, a unified Security Agency cannot be implemented in the USA.
References
Scott, W. (2011). Introduction to criminal justice: current perspectives from infotrac®. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
Ncjrs.gov. (1995). Ncjrs abstract - national criminal justice reference service. [online] Retrieved from: https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=163400 [Accessed: 13 Feb 2014].
Unknown. (n.d.). [online] Retrieved from: http://www.granatedit.com/bgranatFed%20AgChapter1.pdf [Accessed: 13 Feb 2014].
