Discuss the challenges of EMS systems.
EMS stands for Emergency Medical Services. It’s a medical services, which are provided for people, who needs help in emergency situation. Different methods, which are used prior giving medical services: Incident recognition, access 911, dispatch, first Responder, basic life support, advanced life support, transport ground/air, emergency department facilities, specialty care, patient rehabilitation, prevention awareness, public education. This methods run in cycle order, each method has its own goals and objectives.
Describe the challenges of providing EMS services in the rural setting.
The main challenge of providing EMS services in the rural setting is having a challenge reaching the patient, as it’s sometimes hard to reach the patient prior it’s too late. The individual can have troubles giving the directions how to reach him, as some conditions won’t allow the person talk. Sometimes it is hard to find the exact location of the person due to weather conditions. Another challenge in rural area is few trips, which takes a lot of cost to bring EMS services. Buildings of EMS don’t have necessary equipment and can’t provide needed assistance.
Explain future challenges surrounding EMS manpower issues.
The future challenges surrounding EMS manpower issues are: Low system finance, low profit for EMS personal, lack of knowledge in special cases, bad patient care and attitude given to the individual, inappropriate usage of hardware that leads to another accidents or fatal conditions of the individual. Lack of visionary thinking and fear of challenge in different occasions is the most common problem that can be faced by EMS man issue. People need to stay cold-blooded and respond as fast as possible.
Explain why the data generated from EMS research should drive the operation of the EMS system.
Early EMS practices were based on human factor such as “guess”. Nowadays research guides or surveys are needed to provide the information about how EMS do work and how it is delivered. EMS research gives an opportunity to improve the system. Data generated from drive operations give a detailed look about the problems, that EMS can face and its solution. Educational researches gives scientific and educational improvement. Medical content information is upgraded or proofread with the purpose of increasing medical instructions or different medical methods.
Explain the basic components of EMTALA, including medical screening examination, stabilization and transfer requirements.
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act is an act that requires a hospital to provide an emergency to anyone without any rules or restrictions. This counts any religious views, sex, and age or skin color. This hospitals are funded by Mediacare. If individual don’t have ability to pay, this hospitals will still provide medical screening examination or will do special transfer requirements to another hospitals, which will give individual needed help for free. EMTALA is a man-made factor.
Identify the functions of an EMS system.
The functions of EMS systems consists of 6 parts: Detection, reporting, response, on scene care, care in transit and transfer to definitive care. Each part of the system has its own goals and guidelines to follow. Parts can be skipped to make response better or give needed medical care. EMS systems operates between these types of parts to give better healthcare for patient. When we talk about the functions of EMS system we can consider a Star of Life symbol, as it represents the main operations in a row for 911 help.
In budget planning what is a “SWOT” analysis?
SWOT-analysis - a method of strategic planning is to identify factors internal and external environment of the organization and their division into four categories: Strengths (strengths), Weaknesses (weaknesses), Opportunities (possibilities) and Threats (threats).
Strengths (S) and weaknesses (W) side are the factors of the internal environment of the object of; possibilities (O) and threats (T) are environmental factors (those that can affect the external object and wherein the object is not controlled)
What are the four primary traits of a good leader?
The ability to act fresh-minded in different situations. The ability to understand your employees. You need to motivate your employees. You have to be prepared for different occasions. This four primary traits make a person a leader. This person motivates and gets people going. Good leader is not the one who controls, but the one who moves within the “control”. Passion can another trait for a good leader, as it can inspire your employees to go on a new level, by taking a new dangerous projects, that may face serious challenges.
In Haddon’s Matrix for injury prevention strategies, what are the “three E’s” of prevention?
There are three strategies for injury prevention. These strategies are: Pre-event, Event and post event. Pre-event contains existence and release of the agent, separation and protection from the host. Event phase minimizes and controls any actions between the agent and the host. Post-event provides medical treatment for the host. First step of Haddon Matrix focus on gathering all information and determines the cause of the problem. Second step of Haddon Matrix focuses on analyzing all the given data and fill it to Haddon Matrix system cells. Third step of Haddon Matrix talks about the best solution for made interventions with practical and effective strategy.
What is meant by “EMS Service Benchmarking” in customer service?
EMS Service Benchmarking is a survey with a goal to improve the performance of EMS. Benchmarking can be stated as continuous cycle process that connects the productivity of the customer. The benefits that are given by EMS is presented in numbers that relates the format. Model improves benchmarking and deployment strategies. EMS sharing practices among the systems. Benchmarking is usually defined, as number of percentage, which sets the quality of operations.
What are the goals of risk management in EMS?
The goals of risk management programs is to low the possibility of an agency to risk and provide environmentally safe environment for visitors and patients. There are five steps of goal risk management: Risk goal, potential, priority, process evaluation and different control implementations. This goals are needed to be followed, as they can identify the occupation of the risk. The other main goal of risk management is to counter any hazard risk problem.
What is the difference between a “job description” and a “job specification?”
Job Description is a list of responsibilities or duties given to the employee, which are needed for the job to be done. Job description specifies primary and secondary responsibilities of the person in the company. Job specification states human-based qualities that individuals have to acquire before he enters a job. Job specifications includes individual training skills, his previous experience and training acquired in the past.
Who sets the billing and reimbursement rates for EMS services?
EMS billing service is a fee that was charged for ambulance transportation to a hospital. Different healthcare organization sets the billing and reimbursement rates for EMS services. There organizations share a specific amount of money for EMS services, followed by different criteria or recommendations. The example of healthcare organizations: Medicaid and Medicare, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services PPACA usually sets the billing and reimbursement rates for the EMS services
Where are the official federal specifications for ambulances found?
GSA created a laws that are needed to be obeyed, as a minimum requirements of federal specifications for ambulances. Vehicles main purpose is to successfully transport individual or give emergency medical care. Official federal specifications for ambulances are found in Federal Supply Service. This document was printed in June 1, 2012. Federal specifications also provides information about the equipment that ambulances have, its description and specifications.
In an EMS Quality Assurance/Quality Improvement program, what is “a sentinel event?”
A policy that were created by The Joint Commission in 1966. This policy states “sentinel event” as event that occurred with tragically occurrence that involved death or other dramatic physical injury or risk, which is not related to the patient illness. This policy protects the patient, makes improvements in the system and avoids any future hard of the individual.
What are the goals of a complete medical record?
The major goal of complete medical record is to gather information based on the client analysis and observations. The process of a medical record starts with reviewing the history of illness and ends with physical exam. History usually contains all the information about his illness in the past. Physical exam is done to find any problems or insolvencies that a client can struggle with.
Main goals are: population and healthcare improvement, level of coordination skill increase, increase of health care quality potential, patient and family engagement.
List five common reasons why claims are rejected.
Claims are usually rejected based on human factors, which are led by a person. The reasons of rejection are: coding errors, expire period of the claim is finished, claim is not legible, Claim does not have a specific information, and authorization is missing.
Explain the difference between the Medicare and Medicaid programs.
Medicaid is a program that gives an opportunity for low-income families or individuals to pay for their medical care. Federal government covers up to fifty percent of the cost. Medicare program is a program that is usually attached to social security, and available who reached the age of sixty five or older. This Medicare program is available depending on the profit that the client makes.
CHAMPVA is defined as Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs. This is a health benefit government program, which pays some amount of costs for health care for veterans. To be eligible for CHAMPVA you have to be a surviving spouse or widow. You have to be over 65 years old also. These are some specific criteria’s that are need to follow to be enroll in this program. You have to be permanently or totally disabled. Children whose father veteran and died are also available for CHAMPVA.
What are the major benefit components to workers’ compensation?
Workers compensation is insurance program. This program pays an amount of money needed for rehabilitation after the working accident while they are employed. Workers major benefit compensation include medical care, bills for rehabilitation and coverage due to the lost wages. Some laws states that different jobs with human risk factor are obligated to have this insurance program.
List and explain the two major classifications of disability coverage
The two major classifications of disability coverage are: temporary total disability and permanent total disability. Temporary total disability resize the workers wage to status of “lost totally”. Permanent total disability is lost forever, as there is no limit number for the payable weeks. If a person have one of this conditions, he may be considered for disability coverage: hearing or vision problems, movement disability, thinking or learning struggling. Disability coverage can be covered by government using sponsored programs or private insurance companies. List and describe at least six of the nine federal disability programs.
Federal disability program is a program that gives an amount of cash for insured disabled workers who reached age of 65. To be eligible for FDP, you have needed to be given, stating that individual wasn’t able to move not less than 12 month. The examples of federal disability programs are: Social security, disability insurance, social security disability insurance, medicare, medicaid, workers compensation, black lung.
Describe the role of the course syllabus and lesson plan in course management.
Define liability, negligence and the standard of instruction.
Liability is a bunch of instructions that focus aims on abandonments, refusal and concerns, vehicle crash accidents and restraints. Negligence is a failure of providing EMS for individual, which needs an emergency, as supposed to be given. Standard of instructions are usually written instructions, which are followed by everybody, without any expectance.
Describe methods to engage students in the learning process through a positive learning environment.
Active learning exercises is a good method to engage students due the learning process. Setting short and long terms for achieving goals and medical research. Evaluating academic performance and engaging definite skills such as collaborative. Learning process can be increased due the relationship between student and professor. Different methods like good effort and extra credits goals makes the learning process go through a positive learning environment.
List classroom activities for each domain of learning.
Learning domains are defined, as categories of learning process. It determines the overview of represented content. There are 4 learning domains: cognitive, affective, psycho-motor and interpersonal method. Cognitive method activities are: essays, case studies, or PowerPoint presentations. Affective method usually have: goal or aim setting, different motivational videos, web surfing. Psycho-motor method includes watching pictures and video demonstrations. Interpersonal method gives a good example of student interact due different project works. Class attendance, required work submission and following teacher directions can be described as classroom activities. Daily classroom activities such as presentations and seminars, are good strategy for showing students relation to the subject and what he or she might struggle with.
Explain why formative and summative evaluations are both important in the evaluation process.
Formative evaluation is used to monitor the learning skills that is acquired by student. It gather the information (feedback) and guides improvement on the learning process. This evaluation are used by instructor to improve their weaknesses. Summative evaluation is used to monitor what did the student learned during the whole learning semester. It measures the success, that student acquired at the end of studying period. It usually compares the individual’s studies of the subject in the beginning of the course and in the end. Examples or summative evaluation are: paper, project, and exam.
Discuss the Title VII of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964, to include all of its amendments and laws that were derived from this act.
The title VII of the Civil Right Acts passed on 1964 an act of 42 codes that, bans any person from expressing his thoughts regarding other person. This comments can be regarded as discrimination. Discriminations are usually based on the religion, skin color, sex or place of birth. It bans an individual to express his or her thought regarding pregnancy or disability of a person. This title of the Civil Rights Act states that individual can make a private lawsuit, which shows a company discrimination to related person.
Discuss “Respondeat Superor” and what does this mean to an employer or manager in EMS?
Respondent Superior in Latin means “let the superior respond”, is a doctrine which states that employer is responsible for any actions, taken by the employee during their working course. If employee commits a crime, for the purpose of the company, he will not be punished, as the employer will take all the responsibility. EMS are going to be responsible for wrong acts, which were made by EMS personal. This term is used to describe supervisory responsibility.
Discuss the different types of workplace harassment and provide examples of each. What must the employer do to prevent workplace harassment and when identify when the employer would be liable?
Workplace harassment is offensive behavior on individual person or a group of workers. Harasser’s harass others based on their sex, religion views, age or political views. To prevent harassment even occur, you have to investigate any claim. Disciplining the person and take actions to correct any discrimination or harassment in the past. Writing a harassment complain to a special departments would be another great way out of this situation.
Identify the role of OSHA in an EMS Service and describe what a service is required to do to maintain optimum safety for employees.
OSHA is Occupational Safety and Health Administration are regulations that created a document, which states a guide for health care facilities. OSHA gives directions about receiving and treating victims, which they are involved based on hazardous materials. EMS services examines hazards and regards immediately if needed.
References:
Krumperman, K., Waltz, B., & Zigmont, J. (2010). Foundation of EMS Systems. Baltimore: Cengage Learning
Dylar, J. T., & Evans, B. E. (2009). Management of EMS. Prentice Hall
Beik, J. (2013). Health Insurance Today: A practical Approach. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders
NAEE. (2005). Foundations of Education: An EMS Approach. Toledo, OH: Mosby/JEMS
Fremgen, B. (2011). Medical Law and Ethics. Prentice Hall
