The halo effect is a cognitive bias through which people impression of a person affect how one feels and react towards his or her trait. The overall impression of an individual influence the evaluation of his or her character. The halo effect is, therefore, the habitual act of people to rate attractive people with more favour of their personal traits as compared to those who are less attractive (Rasmussen, 2008). It describes the general impact of personality that is likeable, thus creating biased judgment of the aimed individual.
In real life, for instance, the halo effect is evident when teachers in the classroom are prone to the halo effect rating error when they evaluate students. Practically, a teacher who sees a well-mannered student can tend to conclude that student is not only bright, but also diligent. That conclusion is rated even before the teacher evaluates the student's ability in the respective areas. These types of halo effects can impact the students' approval ratings, especially the students’ grades and active areas. This not only affect how the teacher might treat students but also how the students perceive their teacher. It is a cognitive bias.
Belief perseverance is the act of clinging to your ideas even when given enough evidence to the contrary. That resistance cause individuals to hold onto any opinion or belief, when the opinion is proved to be unfounded or even completely false. Though belief perseverance can hinder honest appraisal for making wise decisions, it can also be a delusion providing a self-belief required to face new challenges. There are three categories of belief that might be involved. The first is self-impressions that can either understate or overstate actual qualities in an individual. Second is social-impressions, which relate to particular individuals and their abilities, and Naive theories that are impressions of the way the universe works inclusive of stereotypes and social groups, home remedies, religious tenets and expectations of the future (Hubbard, 1975).
In the real world, if a man who believes that he is a good driver gets a credit, he might reasonably feel that this one incident does not give evidence of his overall quality. However, a man who has caused 3 traffic accidents within a month or two, and believes that he is a good driver, this is belief perseverance at work. This is in the self- impression category.
Work cited
Rasmussen, K. (2008). Halo Effect. In K. Rasmussen & N. J. Salkind (Eds.), Encyclopaedia of Educational Psychology, Volume 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Hubbard, M. (1975). Perseverance in self-perception and social perception: Biased attribution processes in the debriefing paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 880-892.
