Diabetes is a common disease brought about by blood sugar level usage and the ability of the body to produce the requisite regulating mechanisms (hormones). The disease manifest in two types: 1 & 2. Type 2 is widely spread occurring when the body is unable to use insulin produced properly. In most research instances, this is referred to as insulin resistance (Fotiadis, 2016). The prevalence of this type of diabetes has been much prevalent among the black women population in the United States. This study does the PICOT outline for this disease among the black American women.
PICOT analysis is used to outline the population, intervention, comparison, outcome and time. In most cases, the approach is used in reference to a particular public health intervention targeting a given disease condition.
Population
This study focuses on the prevalence rate among the Black American women. Research have shown that about 3.2 million women in the racial minority, especially the black American population aged over 20 years are the highest hit by the disease. This population, according to the research, are 1.8 times exposed to risk factors of contracting the type 2 diabetes than non-Hispanic whites. Further on the population statistics, it is given that 25% of black American women in the age bracket of 65 and 74 are nursing diabetes. Also out every group of four Black women aged over 55 years old, one has diabetes. (American Diabetes Association, 2016).
The staggering figures above highlights the research interest for most medical researchers in order to understand the reason behind the trend and possibly develop an intervention. Of interest is the inclination of the disease towards the African American population and particularly women. This study therefor seeks to find out and understand the risk factors at play. The study population will be determined by specific guidelines that will give sampling criteria.
Intervention
Interventions designed seek to respond to the symptoms which include, Extreme Hunger, Frequent Urination, Increased Appetite, Increased Thirst, Blurred Vision and Weight Loss. Proper understanding of the problem situation starts with having grasp of the symptoms.
Further, the intervention programs will involve the following: Nutrition education /nutrition counseling, Lifestyle change counseling and Physical activity (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.), 2011). Being a research program, test interventions will be administered accordingly in order to single out the best according to the specific conditions. However, previous research have indicated that a combined therapeutic and physical exercise regimen works best in such pathological circumstances. On the research, the following will be items of consideration:
Physical activity attitude among the African American women.
Patterns of smoking and alcohol consumption compare to the disease infection rate.
Diets and feeding habits, weight management and type 2 diabetes awareness among African American women.
Comparison
The validity of any study requires administration of intervention regimen to two different groups so that a comparative result is given from the test. The results give a lee way foe choice on the best one that reduces exposure to the risk factors.
Outcome
As has been noted, the outcome of the test from the comparative tests are compared and analyzed and an actionable recommendation formulated. In most cases, the output is determined largely by the study design and the objective of the researcher. For this study, the program objectives include: Reducing the level of risk of developing type 2 diabetes among African American women within the next five years, helping the participants adopt and maintain healthy lifestyle and finally helping the participants adopt physical activity that is healthy.
The rallying message is healthy living, right from the nutrition to the physical exercising.
Time
The time frame of this initiative is 8 weeks.
References
American Diabetes Association. (2016). Type 2. Retrieved from http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/type-2/ on 9/2/16.
Facchini, F. S., Hollenbeck, C. B., Jeppesen, J., Chen, Y. D. I., & Reaven, G. M. (1992). Insulin resistance and cigarette smoking. The Lancet, 339(8802), 1128-1130.
Fotiadis D. (2016). Handbook of research on trends in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic conditions. Hershey, PA : Medical Information Science Reference, an imprint of IGI Global.
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.). (2011). National Diabetes Day fact sheet, 2011. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Diabetes Translation.
Signorello, L. B., Schlundt, D. G., Cohen, S. S., Steinwandel, M. D., Buchowski, M. S., McLaughlin, J. K., & Blot, W. J. (2007). Comparing diabetes prevalence between African Americans and Whites of similar socioeconomic status. American journal of public health, 97(12), 2260-2267.
