TITTLE
On September 11, 2001, nineteen captors stole control of four passenger jets passing from U.S. airports. Two planes crashed the two towers of the World Trade Center in New York, the third plane crashed on the Pentagon, and with the fourth plane, US had successful recourse and crashed in an unfilled land. Overall, approximately 3,000 people passed, and the fault was directly engaged with the Islamist terrorist group Al-Qaeda.
("American Muslims Since 9/11 | Wilson Center." xx-xx)
This paper will try to explain what the consequences on the life of Muslim society in US had this attack, through a moral lens, researching the standpoints of the fatalities and the victimizers. The marvel of Muslims in the United States is not new. They have been a fragment of American civilization since the first ships of imprisoned Africans were brought to the American seaboards. However, this that is changed is the American anti-Muslim society's alertness of Muslims. In the action organized by the Division of United States Studies, campaigners and intellectuals explored the challenges American Muslims had faced as they are pursuing to describe their societies inside the setting of U.S after 9/11.
Through her investigation for Mecca and Main Street, Genève Abdo established that about 50% of the Muslim-American inhabitants goes to a mosque weekly; about 60% have received college degrees, and 23 % have specialized or official jobs. Abdo fixated her investigation on the "mosque goers": American Muslims who are going to the mosque at least once a week.
Discrimination towards Muslims
In a latest report prepared by Gallup Center for Muslim Studies, results presented that Islam is the furthermost destructively regarded religion amid Americans. Above 40% of individuals who participated whispered to feel slightly intolerant to Muslims. Before 2001, Anti-Islamic hatred criminalities were the almost last reported amongst all religions. Once the attacks had done, though, they converted to the second most reported incidents. Islam phobia is not limited to US. Muslims in states globally experienced criticism after the attacks on the World Trade Center. Anti-Muslim dislike criminalities that have been spotted in states in Europe; in Britain, France, and Belgium. Islam phobia is an “extreme or irrational fear and prejudice towards all Islamic persons” (islamophobia.org), resultant from outlooks that include opinions that Islam is a vicious religion that maintenances terrorism. Though the word was used years before 9/11, the theory became spread in the U.S. after the terrorist attacks.
("AlJazeera English." xx-xx)
Prejudiced Performs against Muslims in the Workroom across US
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States by fundamental radicals have fetched about more judgment and provocation in the office toward Muslim workers. The additional defensive paraphernalia of U.S. anti-discrimination laws are discovered. The boss’s duty to provide accommodations the religious requirements and performs of its workers is examined as is the unwarranted privation restraint on the accommodation responsibility. The authors provide specific proposals on how to respect rationally the spiritual needs, adherences, and perform of Muslim employees. The office is a pitch where the cloistered existence of an operative, encircling his or her religious dogmas, thus rising significant as well as argumentative questions of the part religion have in the U.S. office.
(John xx-xx)
Life of Muslims in US
This paper will highlight study done by psychologist Mona M. Amer, PhD.
Prior to 9/11, there was not almost anything circulated that was associated to the emotional wellbeing of Muslim-Americans. After that, there have been a few of studies. Amer and psychologist Joseph D. Hovey, PhD, of the University of Toledo examined nervousness and depression rates amongst more than six hundred mature Arab-Americans in thirty-five states. The preponderance of the examination applicants were Muslims.
("The challenge of being a Muslim in post-9/11 America | Mona Eltahawy | World news | theguardian.com." xx-xx)
Not so long ago, previous constitutional candidate Herman Cain made prejudiced commentaries about Muslim Americans for which he later made an apology. Shortly after, Lowe’s Home Improvement made news for dragging its marketing from the TLC reality show All-American Muslim. The controversy about a planned mosque nearby Ground Zero, still unsettled, obtains massive media attention. Certainly, any occurrence stirring here or overseas that is associated or accredited to Islamic extremism seems to adversely disturb U.S. public estimation of Muslim Americans.
Various imposing Internet resources concentrate on Muslim American attitudes, attitudes, and lives. Space limits made results about what to contain and what to eliminate especially puzzling. These sites were nominated for a number of motives counting their individuality and meticulousness, and their mixture of material for both Muslim and non-Muslim Americans. An example of some fresh academic research is also encompassed. All of these resources highpoint how September 11 melodramatically changed the lives of Muslim Americans attributable to extensively professed relations with Islamic terrorism globally and the prevalent terror that results.
(Bayoumi, and Bayoumi xx-xx)
I would like present an interview of a Muslim girl living in US, who came back with her family in ninth grade. Just for a couple months she wore hijab for some time and after that, she could not stand starring’s. She said she did not have any direct problems, though.
``That morning, my family and I were in the house sleeping. Someone knocked on the door, and these men barged in. Some had FBI jackets, and others were from the police department and the Department of Homeland Security. My mom does not know much English, and they were screaming at her, "We're going to deport you and your whole family!" I remember I thought, "What are they talking about?"``
After that, police took her father, after putting him handcuffs in front of 16-year-old girl. This girl is continuing her story:
``It was the most frightening thing I could ever see; I had never seen my father so helpless. One of the women put me in handcuffs. I panicked so badly, I was stuttering, "What did I do? Where are we going?" I am 16-years-old, in handcuffs. ``
Police took her and her family into some building, probably police station, because the girl did not recognize it. After putting her in a cell, girl was normally terrified, she was powerless and she did not know what is happening and where is her family. Shortly after, she was let out to be interrogated.
``He asked me all these questions about my citizenship status. Then after a while, he said, "You know you're not here legally, right?" It was as if one of the major secrets in the world had just been exposed to me. The person’s attitude did not change when he realized I did not know what was going on. Lastly, they bring my dad. They gave us a document about how we could see a consular officer.``
Her dad knew how to read English, but he told her in their language to act as she is translating to him. He also told her that, no matter what, she could not say that she can go to her country, because they will send her right away. The reason she did not wanted this is that in her country, Guinea, girls are just for getting married. Moreover, if girl has to marry, she had to be circumcised.
`` They said to me, "We have to fingerprint you." When we were done with the prints, they took a picture of me. I was then sitting on a bench in the main entrance when this woman came. I had seen her at the mosque before, but I did not know her. Finally, I was brought to another room. The questions federal agents asked me were terrorism questions. My dad had signed papers agreeable to let them talk to me because I was underage.``
They did not know they could have lawyers. The FBI never told them. After a while, officer told her that person they are looking for is in the same religious group Tashnuba was. This girl was not a part of that group, and she did not know is that true or not, she only knew it was for women learning about religion. Police took her computer and her diary, but she was not worried, because she knew there is nothing that can say anything against her.
``The female guard told me and Tashnuba we had to get strip-searched. I was in tears. My own mother does not look at me naked. I said, "It must be against some law for you to do this to me." The female guard said, "It's not. You no longer have rights." ``.
("Patriot Acts: Narratives of Post-9/11 Injustice." xx-xx)
I will cite no more, but these girls had to strip and they were stripped- researched. This girl was 16 years old.
Ayah Ibrahim, former president of the Muslim Student Association of the College of William and Mary, alleged that she cherished her nation more than ever when she met support from non-Muslim groups after 9/11. She was spurred, though, by the "Islam phobia," uttered in cultural summarizing and hatred crimes, that she faced in U.S. society, and so has functioned to increase more consciousness of the Muslim-American community. She spoke of the dichotomy of the fresh Muslim-American practice. On the one hand, her mosque was wrecked; conversely, local church groups responded by approaching to the mosque's support. Muslim-Americans have gotten significant reassurance from Japanese-American establishments, well conscious of the way Japanese-Americans were themselves sidelined and distinguished against through World War II. Deprived of reducing the problems of the Muslim-American experience following 9/11, the panelists decided that Muslim advocacy assemblages have been capable to shape greater compassionate amid the Muslim and non-Muslim societies in the United States, which leaves them with a diverse confidence for the future.
("Muslim Americans say life is more difficult since 9/11 - The Washington Post." xx-xx)
Thus in the Sikh, Muslim, Arab-American or South-Asian societies, the disaster is part of a past of bias and discernment since 9/11. There has been a propensity to view the post-9/11 reaction simply in the cold past. In the year after 9/11, anti-Muslim hatred criminalities rose by closely 1,600%. While these numbers have not been as great over the past 11 years, prejudice happenings endure to be reported and the climate of preconception has debatably become inferior.
("Muslim Americans." xx-xx), (Verbrugge xx-xx)
It establishes itself in diverse ways: a mosque congested for the past two years from being settled in Tennessee; a Bangladeshi cab driver viciously battered in New York for his traveler thought he was Muslim; and a mosque in Missouri demolished by a supposed burning a day after the Oak Creek disaster. It spreads to representatives, such as Rep. Peter King, R-N.Y., allotment anti-Muslim ranges and Rep. Michele Bachmann, R-Minn., building unconfirmed titles that disloyal Muslims are insightful our regime.
("American Muslims Since 9/11 | Wilson Center." xx-xx)
However, these feelings have been described as discrimination, Islam phobia or xenophobia, they are all associated. Our country was founded on the beliefs of diversity and spiritual liberty. A fatal attack like this, aiming a single faith, is an attack on our American ethics, whether those battered are Muslims, or Sikhs, or Jews, or Christians.
We must not indulgence this crime as an inaccessible incident, or the consequence of a person with a thrilling view on race. In our progressively diverse state, we have an accountability to comprise entities of different circumstances and convictions in our civilization. For our chosen bureaucrats, this means disapproving prejudiced statements and activities, confirming our ideals of addition, and ending performs of summarizing.
The list of names of people who have lost their lives for only being of a diverse color or religion grew by years. Let us obligate as a nation-state to positioning an end to this rising list, for the last time.
Subsequently after the disaster that hit America on 9 11, countless people were suspicious and unenthusiastic of Muslims. This was especially factual of Muslims that seemed to be of Middle Eastern ancestry. Several of these Muslims received additional security checks and had travelers on control in airplanes.
("Muslim Americans say life is more difficult since 9/11 - The Washington Post." xx-xx)
Works Cited
"AlJazeera English." Islamophobia Today eNewspaper. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.
"American Muslims Since 9/11 | Wilson Center." Wilson Center | Independent Research, Open Dialogue & Actionable Ideas. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.
Bayoumi, Moustafa, and Moustafa Bayoumi. How Does It Feel to Be a Problem?: Being Young and Arab in America. New York: Penguin Books, 2009. Print.
"The challenge of being a Muslim in post-9/11 America | Mona Eltahawy | World news | theguardian.com." the Guardian. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.
"The challenge of being a Muslim in post-9/11 America | Mona Eltahawy | World news | theguardian.com." the Guardian. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.
JOHN, L E. S. P. O. S. I. T. O. Islamophobia: The Challenge of Pluralism in the 21st Century. Oxford University Press, USA, 2011. Print.
"Muslim Americans say life is more difficult since 9/11 - The Washington Post." Washington Post. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.
"Muslim Americans." College & Research Libraries News. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.
Verbrugge, Allen. Muslims in America. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2005. Print.
"Patriot Acts: Narratives of Post-9/11 Injustice." Alternet. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2013.
"William & Mary - Ibrahim '07: Being Muslim at the College and in America." William & Mary. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.
