Part A
Effects of different substances that can lead to addiction.
Part B
Addiction is an international challenge that costs countless masses of lives every year and leads to indescribable misery. It can comprise consumption of legal and illegal drugs like liquor, nicotine, opioids, stimulating substances, steroids, medicament anesthetics, tranquillizers or cannabis. The discipline of addiction has progressed to a level at which it is appropriate to inspect the widespread assortment of primary tools that have been recognized and consider what they indicate for the progress of a complete approach for fighting the challenge.
There are two basic models that conceptualize addiction. The moral model alludes that addiction is the consequence of human faintness, and are shortcomings of personality. Advancement in this model does not consent that there is any natural foundation for addiction. People usually have limited compassion for individuals with severe addictions, since they believe that either an individual with better moral power could have the strength of determination to discontinue an addiction, or that the individual addicted revealed a boundless moral letdown initially by beginning the obsession. The moral model is extensively practical to addiction on illegal elements, possibly purely for communal or political motives, but is not broadly reflected to have any healing significance. Basics of the moral model, particularly an emphasis on distinct decisions, have found lasting roles in other tactics to the management of addictions.
The disease model states that being addicted is a disease, and takes place as a consequence of the weakening of vigorous neurochemical or behavior progressions. Whereas there is certain argument amid clinicians as to the consistency of this model, it is extensively engaged in therapeutic backgrounds. Most management tactics comprise acknowledgement that addictions are social dysfunctions, and therefore encompass some constituent of bodily or mental ailment. The dependent person may express a genuine longing to break the addictive conduct and show indication of making persistent energies to do so and at the exact same moment continue with it. The lack of mechanism may be apparent over diminutive and extended time periods. In a period of limited hours, an addicted person may start to reduce the number of bottles, but may find it hard to stop, and the capability to reduce alcohol intake has faded away.
Both the theories indicate a certain desire from the addicted individuals to try the much they can to stop the addiction. The models also characterize the people in terms of temperaments to rejoin in specific manners, intellectually or substantially, to specific stimuli or situations. The moral model would the best in helping to solve the problem. First, the decision to start substance abuse maybe deep rooted in an individual from family influence, or may be due to influence from other people. To prevent that from happening, it is important to understand the root cause, and rectify the ethics. Secondly, an addicted person may be made to understand the dangers which come with addiction, which again is based on the moral standards of the individual.
References
Anderson, L. (2014). Heroine. Drugs.com, 1.
Bowman, E. (2016). The five most addictive substances on Earth – and what they do to your brain. The Conversation, 1.
NHIS choices. (2014). Drug Addiction. HNS choices, 1.
West, R. (2013). Models of Addiction. Luxembourg: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction.
