Good The Reform Efforts Of Mikhail Gorbachev Of The Soviet Union And Deng Xiaoping Of The People's Republic Of China Essay Example

Mikhail Gorbachev, the first and the only president of the USSR could go down in history as the greatest reformer. Several times the fate of Gorbachev gave him a historic opportunity to preserve the country and bring it to a new level, but Gorbachev could not do it because of an enormous amount of external circumstances and, above all, his unwillingness to fulfill the mission of the head of a state. Being a very good person by nature and on the top of the pyramid at a crucial moment in the history of Soviet Union, Gorbachev led so called Russian Empire and then - the Soviet Union to the collapse.
. The destruction of the "iron curtain", the end of the Cold War
. The end of nuclear standoff
. The withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan
. Elimination of monopoly on the power of Communist Party
. Implementation of free competitive elections for the first time in the history of Soviet Union
. Publicity
Publicity is the keyword for rebuilding, which allowed the centuries silent masses say whatever they wanted to criticize anyone. Gorbachev is the man who gave people freedom.
As a result of his reforms the world changed dramatically and was never the same. Having no courage and political will, it was simply impossible to do anything. Mikhail Gorbachev can be treated differently, but there is no doubt that this is one of the greatest figures of history.
As for Deng Xiaoping, a Chinese politician and reformer, the leader of the Communist Party of China, he never held the position of the head of the country, but he was the actual leader of China from the late 1970s to the beginning of the 1990s. He became an instrument in implementation of the new thinking, developed the principle of "socialism with Chinese characteristics", has initiated economic reforms in China and made the country a part of the global market. He laid the foundation for China's economic development, which enabled China to get the reputation of the country with the fastest growing economy in the world. Thanks to Deng China's relations with the West improved significantly. While traveling abroad Deng had several friendly meetings with Western leaders. Improving relations with the outside world, Deng still put the top priority of making economic reforms in China. Social, political and economic systems in the country have undergone major changes during the reign of Deng. Deng declared the principle of "four modernizations" as the basis of all reforms. According to this principle, the economy was divided into 4 sectors - defensive industry, agriculture, science, and industrial production. The ideological principles played a minimal role in the economy, which proved its effectiveness over time. Deng was the ideologist of the reforms that provided the theoretical basis and political support for the reforms. And some of the economic reforms were not personal ideas of Deng. Many reforms were designed and implemented by provincial leaders, sometimes without the consent of the central government. It was not similar to the restructuring or rebuilding initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union, where almost all the transformations were imposed on the indication from the top and had a personal idea of ​​Gorbachev. In China, on the other hand, the reforms were initiated from below and picked up to the top. The reforms included the elements of the planned and centralized control exercised by professionally trained officials, who threw away the practice of mass control.
Deng also initiated the establishment of special economic zones in China, due to which foreign companies and investments are attracted to the country.