Developmental Tasks of Young Adulthood
Young adulthood developmental tasks are primarily centered on family, occupation, and social life. The first task is creating an initial adult identity, second is establishing independence, third is assuming responsibility, fourth is broadening social skills, and the final task is nurturing intimacy (Arnett & Turner, 2009). Broadening social skills is necessary for young adults to accomplish nurturing intimacy. This is because as the young adults develop their dependable and appropriate social skills and gain the ability to interact in different social settings. These social settings include different community groups that a young adult becomes a member and also marriage.
Functions of Fat in the Body
Fats provide fatty acids that are important in brain development, blood clotting, and inflammation control. These fatty acids are not produced by the body and can only be obtained from food. Eating foods containing saturated fats increases the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. Trans fats also increases LDL cholesterol and lowers high-density lipoprotein in the blood (HDL) cholesterol. LDL cholesterol is bad because it causes plague that can clog arteries making them less flexible. HDL cholesterol helps in removing LDL cholesterol by taking them from the arteries to the liver where they are broken down and removed from the body.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Cardiovascular disease is caused by risk factors that can either be controlled or not. Some of the risk factors that can be controlled include tobacco smoking, cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and physical inactivity. Risk factors that cannot be changed include age, gender, and family history. Chances of cardiovascular diseases increase with advancing age, men are at a greater risk of cardiovascular disease than pre-menopausal women and the risk of cardiovascular disease increases if a blood relative had a stroke before the ages of 55 years and 65 years for men and women respectively. Other contributing factors to cardiovascular disease include stress and alcohol intake.
Medicare and Medicaid
Medicare provides medical coverage for American citizens of over 65 years of age and people with certain disabilities. The cover is available to these people regardless of income. Medicaid helps low-income people and families pay for medical expenses and cost associated with long term custodial care. Medicare Part A is the universal portion of the plan medical plane because it covers hospital expenses for a large percentage of American senior citizens (McCanne, 2010). Medicare Part B and Part D are optional plans. Part B covers a portion of non-hospital medical care and Part D offers prescription drug coverage.
Effects of Nicotine on the Body
Nicotine causes damage to the lungs due to smoke inhalation. Apart from the damages caused in the lungs, nicotine also tightens blood vessels restricting blood flow affecting the entire nervous system. Additionally, it is has also been associated with male sex conditions likes erectile dysfunction in men. Nicotine has a negative impact on the skins cells through various skin reactions which leads to discoloration and wrinkles. It is imperative to note that the effects of Nicotine on the body are not limited to skin, lungs and blood vessels. It is also known to cause gum gingivitis and periodontitis resulting in tooth decay. Finally, smoking causes insulin resistance that increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (Mishra and Garg, 2015).
References
Arnett, J. J., & Tanner, J. L. (2009). The Emergence of Emerging Adulthood. Retrieved from http://www.jeffreyarnett.com/arnett2009theemergenceofemergingadulthood.pdf
McCanne, D. (2010). Is medicare “close enough” to universal? Retrieved June 24, 2016, from Physicians for National Health Program, http://pnhp.org/2010/02/17/is-medicare-close-enough-to-universal/
Mishra, A., & Garg, A. (2015). Harmful effects of nicotine. Indian Journal of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, 36(1), . Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4363846/
