The Role of Government in Three Different Regions
This essay will analyze the comparison and difference roles of government in three different regions, namely; Africa, Near East, and Europe. Africa is a continent measuring about 5000 miles north, south and west and lies on 20 degrees north to the east. It covers earth’s land surface of over 20%. It has the subdivisions as follows, North East, North Central, and West and sub-Saharan Africa. Middle East region has five branches, Arabian Peninsula, Mediterranean coastal areas, Iraq and Syria, Iran and Asia. On the other hand, Europe lies at the north altitude of Black and Caspian seas. Southern Europe, Central Europe, Western Europe, Scandinavia and Eastern Europe are all subdivisions of Europe. In the Far East, a famous person, Peking Man, of the Northern China who lived about 500,000 years. He had a brain capable of speech and erect posture and evolved beyond Homo habilis stage of early man. This man tries to explain how the government performs its functions. In the African region especially the northern part, Professor Easton in The Heritage of the Past of between 2700 and 2630 B.C lived to explain the role government played over that period of time. It had a great importance and significance to his nation because it contributed to emergence and functions of government. The evidence provided here in this essay are of great importance because in one way, it explains the origin of the governmental bodies and in the other hand, it gives the functions of these government bodies.
Similarities;
The government is a body or a group of people who makes and control decisions for a particular country or a state on behalf of its citizens. It may also be described as a system that is used for monitoring and running a country. Based on the three regions, they all have the following functions that cut across them; Dr. Harold Damerow, a professor of history and the government, says that the government primary purpose it make public policy for all society in general and is the steering mechanism for the community. This role applies to all the three regions, that is, Europe, Middle East and Africa. To further this function, it also plays a role in forming the policies that keep a country or society to head in the right direction and the right manner. Fredrick Jackson Turner cites that ‘Our conduct toward these people is deeply interesting to the national character.’ Its gives a clear indication of role of government of the three regions in terms of its citizens character.
Another function that is similar to all the three regions; Europe, Near East and Africa is that the government regulate the relationships amongst members of a society and between societies themselves and outside stakeholders. Furthermore, the government has the authority to make, and controls decisions made to the community to meet their objectives and maintain order at a given time.
The government keeps the country in a perfect union, helping to form a sense of national pride, communism, and patriotism among the citizens of a particular country. It is done by organizing and hosting celebrations such as Independence Day and other national holidays as depicted in their individual calendars.
This particular role is evident, for example in Kenya where Jamhuri Day has held annually on 12th December. It helps in building patriotism and communism to the citizens of a particular country.
Government establishes justice. Justice is where people receive what is due to them by their superiors. These regions achieve this function by distributing resources equally to all the citizens and those who are in need through social programs organized by the states. For example, residents struggling to make their daily bread can seek help through government aid while senior citizens get medical and social security benefits.
The role of government is to promote the general welfare. The common good f citizens of a particular country must be strengthened through the passing of laws and regulations guaranteeing equal opportunity for all the citizens of that particular country. These regions promote for all the people in general and not for specific individuals.
Securing blessings of liberty. These parts as mentioned above not only provide life, property and freedom but secure them for the benefit of the citizens. It ensures that citizen's life and enjoys good quality life, and their property is protected from harm by certain individuals who are an ill motive. This role is seen as the standard for all the regions, that is, Europe, Near East, and Africa.
The government's active role in these areas is shaping the economy. This is seen in some parastatals and state corporations that are the leading heart and core parties in steering the economy of a particular country. It ensures that the situation of the economy of a country is stable and favorable to investors and other trade participants. In all these regions, governments supervise resolution of conflicting interests, national income monitoring, enforcement of laws and regulations, workings of the political process and management of social and economic relationships amongst individuals and in private organizations. Both the regions do printing and coining of money, provision of water, sewerage, and education and welfare services to its citizens.
The scope of government in these areas mentioned therein sets minimum wages, forbids sale harmful goods and services, limiting rates charged by public utilities and impose taxes. All these are carried out among the regions. Furthermore, the government maintains its authority. It remains in power and does not relinquish until their time collapses or compel to do so. Most of the countries stay in the administration for five years while others exercise their power for less or more than four years. In this argument, these regions has some similarities in the way they perform their roles and functions. Some of these functions are explain in this excerpt.
Different roles of government in these regions;
There are differing roles of government in the three areas; Europe, Middle East, and Africa. Each and every government in these areas has some unique roles to play that are not the same as those of another government of a particular country. They include the following;
In the case of Middle East specifically, Iran, the type of government is the Theocratic Republic and is headed by a Supreme Leader. The role of its citizen in this country is to vote for its leader even though elections are neither free nor fair. On the other hand, in Africa, for example, the type of government is democratic and is headed by the president. Its citizens exercise their democratic right in voting for its leader in a free and fair election unlike in the previous case. Luther Standing Bear, ‘The White Man,’ explained that ‘does not understand the functions of other governments and reason for European government functions.’ This is not the same as for regions like the Middle East and Africa.
In some countries in the Middle East, the government role allows the parliament to elect their leader, that is, president and prime minister as their head of state. Whereas in Africa and European countries, the government allows its citizen to elect their leaders through majority vote unlike in the case of Middle East countries. Parliament's role in Europe scrutinizes European Union legislation and other documents while on the other hand, countries such as in Africa and the Middle East do not have the right to exercise this role. This differing character makes these regions differ in their functions.
The European government plays a vital role in changing United Kingdom law to reflect individual greed legislation policies and treaties in the EU institutions. Whereas in Africa and the Middle East, this function does not apply to them. They only follow what the European countries put in place, and they have to adhere to the set laws and regulations. The European Union and its member countries primary purpose is economic rather than political. Other structures and arrangements comprising the European Union entirely are economical while the goal of European integration is political. On the other hand, African and the Middle East countries play a vital role in political, economic and social alliances. The charismatic Clara Lemlich compared the abuse of female workers in different countries as experience of the blacks. ‘She call them down.’ Based on this statement, it is a clear indication that citizens are treated differently in these regions. Western Europe argues that the European union play a vital role in matters of political, economic and social settings. This is different function of the Middle East and Africa. These countries regulate social and economic relationships amongst citizens and private organizations.
Other state governments intrude further in workings of the economy. For example, in Western Europe, governments play a significant role in owning and operating services such as telephone, radio, and aircraft companies. In other countries such as in Africa, the government does not play this role as in other countries because some are run and own by private entities and institutions. Therefore, it has a differing effect as compared to other nations.
Other countries such as Great Britain and Sweden, the health system is entirely run by the state. While on the other hand, for example, Kenyan government, the health sector is devolved to the county level rather than the central government. When the system fails to work, the buck rests with the devolved unit rather than the central government. Hence, this function is evident in some of few countries.
In conclusion, different countries and regions of the world perform same functions while at the same time has different roles to play to protect the sovereignty and security of its citizens. Therefore, this document brings a discussion of duties of government in three regions, that is, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East or Near East.
Bibliography
Bebczuk, Ricardo N. "R&D Expenditures and the role of goverment around the world." (2002).
Mundial, Banco. "Can Intervention Work? The Role of Goverment in SME Success." Washington, DC: World Bank (2004).
Weingast, Barry R. "The economic role of political institutions: Market-preserving federalism and economic development." Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization (2005): 1-31.
WANG, Ning, Miao YU, and Yan-zhang WANG. "A Role-Network Model for E-Goverment Affairs Domain [J]." Systems Engineering 2 (2007): 001.
Turner, Frederick Jackson, and Allan G. Bogue. The frontier in American history. Courier Corporation, 2010.
Bear, Luther Standing. My People the Sioux. U of Nebraska Press, 2006.
Orleck, Annelise. Rethinking American Women's Activism. Routledge, 2014.
