IAS 45 Research Paper Outline
(1/2 page down from top)
EDFS 309: Journal review writing
(All double-spaced)
Thesis Paragraph
Immigration has generated interest both in political and in research worlds. The topics have been shrouded with ambiguities considering the dynamics of security and economic constraints. America not like any other nation has culturally diverse populations that coexist harmoniously curtsey of multiculturalism initiatives by the government. The integration of immigrants into the society has slowly evolved to be a complex exercise that requires security scans and consideration of socio-economical impacts of such settlement in the country. This paper identifies two stages of immigrants’ integrations, screening, and settling. The government should not perforate its borders as an act of humanity because of evolving security matters but should the government assimilate immigrants into American Societies without fear of encouraging illegal immigration?
Claim
Assimilation of Immigrants into the American society will help reduce the tension that is pooling hard already between the citizen and new arrivals. Some empirical investigations including Immigration reform by Muwonge have shown that the public is correlating economic matters with the immigrant settlement. Everyone knows that this country has to deal humanely with immigrant, but the strain of a massive influx of such Immigrants’ benefit is being felt and condemned. The flow of immigrants cause internal unemployment and some incidences increase government spending creating economic spending. Assimilation is no longer useful in handling the modern day immigration problem for it encourages more immigrants to come into the country.
Evidence
Muwonge accepts that there are an uncountable number of refugees in the country. The government cannot create a provision for such persons who are escaping deportation. The question of how many illegal immigrants and asylum seekers are in the US remains. Terror activities are almost synonymous with immigration and committees that should otherwise inquire terror events spent more time in the interrogation of immigration policies. As long as immigration becomes a security matter, forces of interests parties may keep pooling in the different direction. The 9/11 Commission took an interest in immigration with the presumption that immigrants contain terrorist a claim that is viewed by Muwonge as an extreme untrue claim and recommends that the 99/11 commission to reviewed its recommendation on the immigration policies.
Muwonge reports that all undocumented illegal immigrants began their status are as legal immigrants. The shortfall of immigration policies has failed to assimilate or integrate into the society. Although debates have stalled whenever the question of how many immigrants are in the US, it is agreed that the number is not known. The numbers can only be estimated as headcount has proved difficult. Immigrants cannot willingly come forward to be counted for fear of deportation. Muwonge has been through this experience and demystifies the struggle she went through to remain the US. She construes that bigger percentage of illegal immigrants gain their illegal status after defaulting departure dates. Immigrants who do have asylum cannot access jobs hence affecting nation’s employment statistics.
Card et al. uses demographic, empirical evidence to explore hiss hypothesis. He references data educational and health facilities. He further explores how immigration impact population. His logic offers a new way of thinking about immigration. He, however, does little to connect immigration to terrorist activities in the country.
Multiculturalism and racial profiling
The order that the system of registering entering and exiting immigrants be up started debates on racial profiling. The NCEERS required all immigrants from Arabic and Islamic nations 16 and above to register with the INS/ICE. This was seen as baseless racial profiling but with the wake of terror activities, the civil societies appreciated the government efforts to manage loose terror cells. The INS/ICE database was allegedly used to profile terror suspects, and innocent people became victims of the same law that would protect them. After 9/11 a list of some countries alleged to be aiding the terrorists came out. The implication of such countries as Saudi Arabia and Pakistan made immigrants from such countries became the targets of security forces.
Congress initially endeavored to address the issue in 1986, when it passed the Movement Reform and Control Act (IRCA) Which denoted the start of the present movement requirement period. IRCA joined the key proposals of a congressionally commanded commission. It took over six years of verbal confrontation and rehashed scholarly endeavors to institute. Portrayed by its backers as a "three-legged stool," IRCA made the employing of illegal laborers unlawful without precedent in US history. The legitimate status procurement joined with new implementation measures, was expected to "wipe the slate clean" of the issue of unlawful movement. Causes of immigration as concluded by the Conference of Catholic priests are poverty. They argued in their pastoral letter dated 22, 2003 that deportation will not solve the problem. The priests suggested that economic approach should be used to address the problem. Those in the country should be given opportunities in the US to redeem themselves from poverty. This recommendation focused on dealing with the cause of the problem rather than trying to deport immigrants who will attempt to come back to the country. The public opinion is, however, a mixture of positive and negative sentiments. Some people can link immigrants to the unemployment problems while other feels it is the country's social responsibility to ensure the safety and assimilation of immigrants into the American culture.
Bohon, Stephanie, and Meghan give a different view of population growth immigration. He explains how immigration impact on America's social-political and economic system. He hypothesizes that influx of immigration strains the healthcare systems but can positively impact the financial status if immigrants receive work license. Meissner, et al. is empirical in his approach.
Immigrant Labor resource and economic growth
Immigrants comprise of divers personalities who are mostly work oriented. They are seeking employment and are motivated. They are willing to work under any conditions and accept whatever the employer is willing to offer. This is putting citizens of United States in a hard place while trying to find. Companies are willing to acquire cheaper labor provided by immigrants. Such development may lead to the rise of unemployment. .do not appreciate this claim as she believes America as the Promised Land had a place for everyone. While the availability of cheap labor may disadvantage American Job worker’ it increases the availability of labor resource. The numbers the working force raises and the country have a bigger span of taxation. Immigrant influx can help with economic growth.
Significance
Immigration since the time America became a significant world leader has been a contagious matter. Immigration as ambiguous as it is has defined the history of America. Racial profiling and discrimination is not a new phenomenon, but dynamic. Immigration crisis depends on who is defining it. We have seen segregation, incarceration, and slavery established immigration in the 20th century. Deportation describes migration in the 21st century. Bohon, Stephanie, and defines deportation in the context of his claims as a punitive infringement of human rights. Deportation is not the only option to deal with the immigration crisis. The implication of expulsion should be explored and related to the bigger picture, as the priest contradicts with government move, deportation will not solve anything pertaining immigration.
Immigration is a critical issue that cut across social, political, economic and security aspects. As much countries with a large influx of immigrants are upholding their dignities and stretching their resources to cultivate multiculturalism, it is imperative that sustainable approach to the matter is arrived at. Immigration was before the onset of the war on terror triggered by 9 11 events a social issue, but today, security elements are incorporated. There human rights organizations’ in the US are still going through a lot of hustle to prevent the government from deporting immigrant from other countries. The amnesty granted in 1986 did help settle the immigrants who were already in the country but the saw the increase of illegal immigrants the following years.
Muwonge is a Ugandan immigrant who was helped out of Uganda by his brother into American society (Muwonge 5) His work was born out of his struggle and the struggle of individuals and organizations to prevent the government from deporting asylum seekers. The author depolarizes the subject of immigration and argues accuse that there is no need for the government to perceive immigrants like a threat. He demystifies immigrants as the seekers of the American and individuals who want an opportunity to do something meaningful in their lives. The Author incorporates imagery and thrilling argument into his book.
Assimilation and employment of immigrants
Bohon, Stephanie, and Meghan give an example of a Turkish immigrant who works Reyna who work at a grocery store. He appreciates that the only thing that differentiates Reyna with a native is a thick accent she has. Reyna is a very hardworking immigrant who came to America Banning years ago. She was employed and walked her way up to management trainee. She has bought a home and his doing well financially. The story of Reyna epitomizes that of many other immigrants who come to America with dreams motivated and ready to work harder than any American is willing. Aliens are looking for better lives, and they will do all that is necessary to achieve it. Meissner construes that immigrants need our support and we need them as well. Immigrants are loyal and hardworking people who hardly complain of salaries. With inclusive migrating policies, the American workforce will be competitive. Immigrants also come into the country with rare skills and locals can learn from
Almost all American are offspring of settlers. The absorption of immigrant stock into the U.S. workforce sector is a classic that is not appreciated. The descendants of such immigrants are bone American who might want and some point loose sympathies for new arrivals. The population should focus on what they can achieve from immigrants. While they are not usually skilled as a native can be, they fall somewhere in the economic system before they acquire the skills they need. New immigrants quickly amass dialect abilities, societal norms, and other aspects of human capital. Motivated by their expectation and hardship in areas they come from, migrant ascent rapidly after entry and in the long run break even with (or surpass) the profit of comparable nonimmigrants. Plausibility is that immigrants are tolerant to low wages, and most of them get the minimum wage. The government and concern market ignore the human capital rising from immigrants. Immigrant either no skills, especially from Mexico, may present a problem if they don’t get proper assimilation that includes training.
The financial effect of movement eventually relies upon the expertise organization of the immigrant. Of course, a significant part of the exploration in the financial matters of campaign spotlights on looking at the advancement of attitudes in the remotely conceived workforce, both as far as their former human capital. Immigrants coming from nations with few immigrants in the country are more likely to be assimilated.
Ban employment of immigrant
As Muwonge demystifies, a ban of work on immigrants will further complicate the issue. Immigrants without work will create more problems that may even extend top crime and terror. The 1882 Exclusion Act that seek to ban American employers from employing immigrants. As the act was intended to protect American potential employees, the effects of it presented absurdity. The vast spread of racism and racial discrimination did the act to be a political matter. History has the record clear that Africans arrived in America in 1619but the 19982 Exclusion Act, forced them to go to market places.
1. The almost 430,000 non-residents confined in the detainment migration framework in FY 2011 surpassed the number serving sentences in government Bureau of Prisons offices for all other elected wrongdoings.
2. Movement implementation spending has totaled almost $187 billion in the 26 years since IRCA ($219 billion in 2012 dollars) (Muwonge 10).
3. More than four million non-natives, principally unapproved migrants, have been ousted after 1990 with expulsions ascending from 30,039 in FY 1990 to 391,953 in FY 2011.
4. Less than half of the expelled immigrants are deported. The homeland security in the execution of its mandate finds it necessary to deport certain people on grounds of security.
The main article, Immigration reform by is a sentimental journal explaining the nature of American immigration policies. The history of unjustified incarceration of immigrants, slavery, is well documented. The Black and Spaniards communities play a significant role in the development of America and asylum are a resource to our country.
Bibliography
Bagozzi, Benjamin E., et al. "Regional International Organizations and Individual Immigration Attitudes: Results from Finite Mixture Models." International Interactions 40.3 (2014): 350-375.
Bohon, Stephanie A., and Meghan E. Conley. Immigration and
population. John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
Meissner, Doris, Donald M. Kerwin, Muzaffar Chishti, and Claire Bergeron. "Immigration enforcement in the United States: The rise of formidable machinery." Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute (2013).
Muwonge, Godfrey Y. Immigration reform: we can do it, if we apply our founders' true ideals. University Press of America, 2009.
Card, David, Christian Dustmann, and Ian Preston. "Immigration, Wages, and compositional amenities." Journal of the European Economic Association 10, no. 1 (2012): 78-119.
