Introduction
The human body consists various cells that are actively involved in the maintenance of metabolism. Although, the body organs, cells as well as tissues usually carry out different functions, the body cells are similar in regard to their pertinent metabolic needs (Sherwood, 2015). Thus, maintaining the internal environment at a constant state mainly by proving the oxygen as well as nutrients and elimination of waste in the body is an essential process for the wellbeing of the cells as well as the whole body. As such, the various processes through which the human controls or regulates the internal environment are referred to as homeostasis in their entirety. Essentially, homeostasis refers to a state of equilibrium or stability in a cell or within the entire body. In regard to this, homeostasis is a crucial characteristic of the human body whereby maintaining the internal environment at a stable state needs constant adjustments in the body. The adjustments made in the body are known as homeostasis regulation. Among the key homeostatic processes include; regulation of glucose concentrations, body temperature and PH.
As such, the human body comprises of various organ systems that play a crucial role in regard to maintaining a state of equilibrium or balance in the body. Among the key organ systems involved in homeostasis maintenance include; the respiratory system, endocrine system, urinary system and the nervous system. The urinary system is among the key organ systems involved in the homeostasis maintenance whereby the system usually sustains homeostasis through elimination of waste products from the body, controlling the metabolites as well as electrolytes levels and regulating the level of acidity in the blood (Rizzo, 2015). In addition, the urinary system helps in osmoregulation of the blood pressure as well as volume whereby this fosters a state of homeostasis. The elimination of waste usually involves filtration of excess ion as well as metabolic waste from the blood followed by combination of these waste products with water and subsequently the waste products are eliminated from the body as urine.
The urinary system consists of various organs that include; the bladder, kidney, urethra and ureters. As such, the kidneys form the most essential part within the urinary system and play a crucial role in regard to homeostasis maintenance. The kidney’s key function is to maintain the internal environment at a stable state through elimination of waste products, osmoregulation of the blood pressure as well as volume and controlling the metabolites and electrolytes levels whereby this fosters optimal tissue and cell metabolism. The kidneys have tiny filters known as nephrons that usually filter blood in order to remove waste products such as urea and excess ions such as potassium as well as sodium. In addition, the kidneys assist in the regulation of the Blood pressure and help in maintain a stable state of the salts. Moreover, kidneys produce a hormone known as erythropoietin that usually stimulates the formation of RBCs (Red Blood Cells). The ureters are tubes that mainly allow the passage of urine from the renal tubes to the bladder. On the other hand, the urinary bladder form a key part of the urinary system whose main function is to store urine for elimination during urination while the urethra form the last part of the system and its main function is to allow passage of urine from the bladder and subsequently eliminate the urine from the body (Rizzo, 2015).
Typically, kidneys are bean-shaped organs situated in the abdominal cavity and are protected by the lower ribs. Each of the kidneys contains tiny structure known as nephrons that usually filter blood and remove waste products like urea and excess ions such as sodium as well as potassium. The nephrons consist of Blood capillaries known as glomerulus that help in maintaining normal protein in the Blood stream and sieve waste products and excess fluids from the blood system. The ureters are long tubes that connect the urinary bladder to the kidney whereby this allows flow of urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. In order for the ureters to carry out their functions effectively, their walls contain muscles that relax and contract so as to force urine to the urinary bladder. On the other hand, urinary bladder is a Hollow organ that is located in the pelvis. The urinary bladder is elastic whereby this allows the organ to expand and store a large volume of urine and control urination. Moreover, the organ contains sphincter muscles that prevent leakage of urine from the bladder. More importantly, the kidney plays an essential role in regard to osmoregulation through regulating the water amount that is reabsorbed in the bloodstream from the glomerular filtrate whereby this process is usually controlled by the ADH (antidiuretic hormone), angiotensin as well as aldosterone (Applegate, 2014).
Homeostatic imbalance usually occurs after some of the variables in the internal environment of the human body are disturbed. In most cases this condition is associated with aging and feedback mechanisms. Among the major homeostatic imbalances includes; dehydration, hyperglycemia, diabetes, anemia and hematuria. Diabetes is condition that is mainly characterized by high glucose levels in the blood due to inadequate secretion of insulin by the liver or the body’s inability to respond efficiently to insulin while anemia is characterized by inadequate RBCs in the body due to inadequate production of the RBCs. Hematuria is another example of a homeostatic imbalance that following damage of the kidney thereby resulting to presence of blood in the urine.
The endocrine system is another organ system that is involved in homeostasis and usually interact with the urinary system in the maintenance of homeostasis. For instance, the endocrine particularly the pituitary gland as well as the adrenal glands usually produce ADH and aldosterone hormones that cause reabsorption of the salt in the kidney (Applegate, 2014).
Conclusion
Homeostasis is among the most essential processes in the human body that helps in maintaining the body’s internal environment at a constant state mainly by proving the oxygen as well as nutrients and elimination of waste in the body is an essential process for the wellbeing of the cells as well as the whole body. The urinary system is among the key organ systems involved in homeostasis maintenance through elimination of waste products from the body, controlling the metabolites and electrolytes levels and regulating the level of acidity in the blood. The urinary system usually interacts with other organ systems such as the endocrine system whereby this fosters an optimal the maintenance of an optimal state in internal environment.
References
Applegate, E. (2014). The Anatomy and Physiology Learning System. London: Elsevier Health Sciences.
Rizzo, D. C. (2015). Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology. Cengage Learning.
Sherwood, L. (2015). Human physiology: from cells to systems. Cengage learning.
