Introduction
In the 19th and 2oth centuries, artists found new ways of representing their work that was opposed to the conventional way in which art was done. Many of them developed new styles that incorporated modern art which sought to highlight the aspect of postmodernism in the ways of life of the people. Such art was different from what was identified in the centuries that were prior to the 18th, especially what was the case in the renaissance. The artists curved art and offered continuity if what their predecessors had left, but only did so with a sense of freedom and new creativity. The art of the nineteenth and twentieth century involved the use of objects that were randomly selected.
It was referred to as readymade art because it was already in existence and only needed to be incorporated into art. In the 20th century, conceptual art and the use of objects were identified in art forms such as Cubism, pop art, surrealism and Dadaism. Dadaism was mainly art whose roots were foundation in anti-war maxims. It was art that sought to express its stand against war and things such as classification of the society into the bourgeoisie and the proletariats. The Dada group of artists emanated from Zurich in Germany and mostly migrated to countries like Sweden because of war. They were opposed to leadership of any kind and preached the aspect of individualism in their art.
The objects used in this art included papers, which were mostly refined into those that had wrinkles. Another example is cubism, which was introduced by famed artist Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. It became more famous in the 20th century, where artists embraced the two dimension method that was used on canvas as opposed to the traditional representation of art on canvas. The art used several objects to ensure that such was achieved. The objects were selected into tiny bits that suit geometrical figures and used on a surface to achieve the kind of needed effect. They did not believe that art should be solely premised on nature as was the case with the traditional artists, mostly of the renaissance.
Mostly, still life was used in conjunction with glass, newspapers and so forth. Surrealism was more famous in the 20th century and was a representation of a new form of art known as writing, which implored the subconscious nature of people. Pop art was mainly done by New York artists such as Jasper Johns. They used objects to facilitate the thinking that everything was connected and there was no specific identification.
The art was a continuation that saw to show indifference to abstract expressionism. It was a cooler version of the abstract expressionism of art that was wilder in the 19th century. The art that is represented above contains examples of the forms of 19th and 20th century art that used objects. They were the main styles that formed the use of readymade art.
The labels
The accommodations of desire http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1999.363.16
The painting was done by Salvador Dali, a Spaniard that was dedicated to Surrealism, in 1929. The painting is made with oil and cut paper pieces. The pieces were from plain papers that were then printed according to what it represented. They were made with many types of colored painting that was meant to highlight the themes. The papers were then glued on a piece of cardboard that was also painted accordingly. The cardboard was dimensioned on a 22.2 by 34.0 meter scale.
The papers were pasted with oil paint and put strategically on the board. The art can be identified with the concept of Surrealism that sought to tore into the subconscious of people. It represented the freedom that people have in desiring the things they want. The painting has a series of lions that appear to have been cut from an illustration book. The lions are in frenzy. The same art has the head of a woman, and on the other side has a man and woman holding each other.
The lions serve the purpose of illuminating the dangers that desire sometimes possesses. The man and woman are the ones that bring out the main idea of desire accommodation. What the painting does is to implore the viewer into wondering whether the concept of desire accommodation does exit. In their subconscious, the viewer is supposed to wonder if they should have made the have desires in the first place. The general idea is what Surrealism preached.
Artillery (http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1991.397)
It is a piece of art by Roger De La Frasyane and was a 1911 presentation. The painting embraced cubism, which incorporated geometrical figures through objects to defy the conventions of tradition. It is a painting that was done with oil on a piece of canvas. The painting showcased what was to happen in the war that was brewing, but did so in an imaginative and playful way. It showcased three men who are obviously in military, ready to fight as it appears. The people they want to fight have opted to use music as a defense mechanism. The panting was also a representation of the geometry that was against the forms of nature.
The geometry was achieved through the use of tiny bits of painted paper and other objects that were cut into minute pieces. The objects were painted in red, a faint bluish grey color and black. The artists in this painting used color to show distinction and bring out the main idea. The viewer can tell that the two sides are not in the same cohort from what they are wearing. There was the strife or struggle between what was good and bad. The two main opposing groups represented war, which is bad and the peace that can be achieved through music. The art seemed to want to implore the viewers into thinking about what it would be like if the impending World War was fought with music. The painting incorporated cubism.
Untitled by Robert Rauschenberg (http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/collections/collection-online/artwork/3519)
The painting was done in 1963. It is a mixture of metal and plastic that was put on a piece of canvas. It is a representation of pop art and stands on 82 by 48 by 6 dimensions. The painting is done with oil in a series of colors that showcase a city which appears to be modern. The colors in the piece of art are not the usual ones that many artists employ in their work. They are carefully chosen shades of grey, white and blue that bring out the idea behind the painting. The art seems to represent a modern city that is at the helm of destruction. The objects that are placed on the canvas help in facilitating this information and highlight the main idea behind the art. In addition, the careful coloring that they are painted in helps to create the needed illusion.
The city appears to be premised on the modern day aspects that are destructive. The grey is supposed to represent a city that is being torn apart. In addition, the manner in which the artist throws the objects around shows confusion, struggle and destruction. It is a highlight of what the situation in the modern times was like for the cities that had to struggle to maintain the glamour. What is done to the objects in the painting in terms of color and placement is supposed to highlight the grimness of the city. They also showcase the clutter that is everywhere, which denotes to the confusion.
The barbarians http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1999.363
German born Marx Ernest was the brain behind this 1937 piece. It is an oil painting that has placed some objects on a piece of cardboard under a 9 by 13 dimension. It is a piece that identifies itself with Dadaism, primarily because artist being one of those that were actively involved in the dada movement. The painting is of two war birds that appear to be ready for a fight. The birds are represented in the manner in which comics use to highlight war creatures. They are in green and red, and fierce expressions. Other little birds are perched on their hands and shoulders as they prepare themselves for what is most likely a bird fight.
The artist is said to have depicted his anticipation of what would happen in the World War that was impending at the time. The people of the data movement were antiwar and most of their work reflected such themes. The painting above is an example of such work. What was done to achieve the impressions on the painting were the objects that were pressed on the cardboard after being dipped in paint. For a finer piece, the artist is reported to have brushed off what remained as the extra pigmentation. The two birds are male and female, and appear to be ready for combat. However, the male bird is seen to exercise some restraint, which can be judged from the position of his hand.
Grrrrrrrrr! http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/collections/collection-online/artwork/2494
The artist of this painting with a rather unorthodox title is Roy Lichtenstein. The painting was done in 1965, and is heavily premised on pop art. The idea behind it is supposed to be anger that has a humorous undertone to it. What the artist has done is to use the effect of the angry bull that is ready for war and represent it in a way that would bring a smile on a viewer’s face. The effect is achieved through the use of the appropriate coloring on the sides and black and white painting. The art is in a dimensional expression because of the manner in which it is presented. It embraces the art that is characterized by a witty sense of humor that is mostly associated with pop art.
The painting is measured in a 68 by 56 dimension. The role of such art is the entertainment is seeks to give while making a crucial point after. The kind of painting as is represented above differs from most art. Many people assume that art has to take an approach that is serious so that the point can be relayed to an audience. The painting above differs from such a view because of the manner in which it implores the audience to think. It appears plain, but has some depth to it.it has used magna that is mixed with oil. It is, like most pop art, put on canvas. The canvas is sprawled with a background that is ideal for it.
The bride stripped bare by her bachelors http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/2002.42a-vvvv
The art above was done by Marcel Duchamp in 1934. Marcel is one of the most influential people in conceptual art. Ideally, the art is mainly made of paper, which includes pieces of scrapped notes. The top of the pile is held together by a volume of the green boxes that consists of the art of Duchamp and a detailed explanation of his work. The scarped notes contain ink that is written in different handwritings, colors and descriptions. Some of the notes appear to be cards that have pictures in black and white. The notes were speculated to include the artists thought process and provide the window into the knowledge of his thoughts and acts. The notices are sprawled on the cardboard in no notable order and can be seen as a confused pile.
The viewer cannot read what is in the pile, but can get the general idea from the arrangement of the notes. They are a total of 93 notes and represent the mechanomorphic style that Duchamp used. The green box at the top is what binds all of them together and provides the answers into the style and idea. The art raises suspicion that develops into curiosity, which is then shaped into mystery. The fact that the notes are unreadable adds to the mystery. It seems as though the artist wanted to intrigue viewers into finding out why the green box was there. The art is on a 13 by 8 dimension
Candlestick and playing cards on a table http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1997.149.12
The painting was the work of George Brusque and was mainly a highlight of what Geometry can do in dimensions. It was made in 1910 and included oil and a piece of canvas as its raw material. The painting was well defined, with the ideas easily identifiable as cubist ones. It has the color of the earth and had made use of the different shades that it presents. The oval shape is unlike most of the work done by other artists, but characteristic of this particular one. It is one of the paintings that best represents still life, and has used objects for its best advantage. The still art in the paintings helps to bring out the contemporary forms of the effectiveness of readymade art. The table in the art is put in the middle area, and the candle on top of it.
The art is one of the oval shapes that were the first to be made by the artist. Later, he realized the effectiveness of such a shape and used it for most of his work. The objects help to give the impression of the lines and shapes that the art has, and make it appear realer and more fascinating. The objects were smeared with oil painting in the different shades of the earth color. At the right, there are four diamond cards and two aces. The painting mostly sought to represent a piece of art appreciated what was done in dimensional geometry.
Cowell had ideas that were represented in a shadow art box. The boxes were a representation of what it looked like in dreamland, which was mainly what Cornell perceived of the world. He borrowed his ideas from the well-known Marcel. He was identified in any of the art movements but was seen as a symbolic figure anyway, based on the way in which he showcased his work. The art in the boxes was in the objects that were inside of it, and which he used to curve his art. It also appreciated other forms of art in music and the film industry. The boxes were also known as memory and poetic boxes. The objects that were inside the art consisted of things that he collected that mostly represented the artistic atmosphere in New York.
They were represented in a visual documentary that was organized by Cornell. The shadow boxes were often made of glass, and could be viewed quite clearly. An example of such a box is the Tilly-Losch one that was made in 1935. The box contained one of Cornell’s most celebrated pieces. It was a box that had glass on one side, and whose boxes depicted the many themes that the artist intended to communicate. The image inside the box is that of a little girl in that appears to be in half. The girl is suspended over a mountain top with the use of strings. The little girl is holding what looks like a wooden doll as she peers at the mountain top. The name of the art was derived from the famous actress Lilly Losch.
The art can be interpreted as a show of the strength that people possess over things that often appear bigger than they are. The theme, therefore, is on the strength that humans possess. Much as he did not officially recognize himself with movements such as surrealism, the artist embraced the work they did either consciously or otherwise. Most of his work reflected the same themes that the followers of that movement highlighted.
Work Cited
Acland, Charles R. Residual Media. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007. Print.
Cornell, Joseph, and Catherine Corman. Joseph Cornell's Dreams. Cambridge, Mass.: Exact Change ;, 2007. Print.
Cornell, Joseph, and Mary Ann Caws. Joseph Cornell's Theater of the Mind: Selected Diaries, Letters, and Files. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1993. Print.
Desmond, Kathleen K. Ideas About Art. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. Internet resource.
Gompertz, Will. What Are You Looking At?: The Surprising, Shocking, and Sometimes Strange Story of 150 Years of Modern Art. Print.
Jordan, Matt Dukes. Weirdo Deluxe: The Wild World of Pop Surrealism & Lowbrow Art. San Francisco: Chronicle, 2005. Print.
McCarthy, David. Pop Art. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge UP, 2000. Print.
Moon, Michael. "Oralia: Hunger for Women's Performances in Joseph Cornell's Boxes and Diaries." Women & Performance: A Journal of Feminist Theory: 39-59. Print.
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Paul, Stella. 20th-century Art: A Resource for Educators. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1999. Print.
Roberts, John. The Art of Interruption: Realism, Photography and the Everyday. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998. Print.
Rosenberg, Harold. The De-definition of Art: Action Art to Pop to Earthworks. New York: Horizon, 1972. Print.
Rycroft, Simon. Swinging City: A Cultural Geography of London, 1950-1974. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011. Internet resource.
Thistlewood, David. Sigmar Polke: Back to Postmodernity. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press and Tate Gallery Liverpool, 1996. Print.
