The term genitourinary implies the genitalia and the urinary organs. Problems of the genitourinary tract in children would include, acute & chronic kidney failure, obstruction and infections of the urinary tract, and congenital abnormalities (Bowie, 2011). These diseases could have either temporary or permanent repercussions in the life of the child. Disorders affecting males only involve the testes penis and urethra. Diseases such as glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, Urinary tract infections, Hemolytic uremic syndrome, and Hydronephrosis could damage the kidneys.
Urinary tract obstruction and hence pooling of urine predisposes a patient to infections, scarring and chronic renal failure. UTI in males present as urethritis, oliguria and painful micturition. Male only urinary tract disorders include cryptorchidism testicular torsion hydrocele, inguinal hernia hypospadias, and micropenis. In the case of such a patient as described, I would suggest the following laboratory tests: renal function test e.g. creatinine test, prostate- specific antigen test, and alpha-fetoprotein & beta-hCG tests (Dains, 2012).
The female reproductive area include the uterus, the ovaries, the fallopian tubes and the mammary glands. Problems in any of these areas could include, tumors, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and viral, fungal and bacterial infections. Women could present with various symptoms depending on which part of the reproductive system is involved. For instance, production of smelly discharge and itching of the genitalia are symptoms of infections (Heffner, 2010). Swelling on the breast would suggest a tumor. Some conditions will have similar manifestations necessitating the need for differential diagnosis.
In the case of the presented patient, I would suggest various tests as follows: Physical Examination, Mammogram, Pap smear: to screens for cervical cancer and human papilloma virus infections, Blood Tests: such as FSH / LH / Estradiol, Infectious Screen for chlamydia, hepatitis, syphilis, HIV, Mycoplasma, gonorrhea, & Prolactin and TSH, Uterine Testing: Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) or Sonohysterography (saline sono) and Ovarian Reserve Testing (Dains, 2012).
Reference:
Bowie, M. J., & Schaffer, R., (2011), Understanding ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS coding: A worktext, New York, Cengage Learning.
Dains, J. E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P., (2012), Advanced health assessment and clinical diagnosis in primary care, New York, Elsevier Health Sciences.
Heffner, L. J., & Schust, D. J., (2010), The reproductive system at a glance, New York, John Wiley & Sons.
