Abstract
The results indicated the significant difference in the duration between Kinesio tape and control group. There is also a significant difference in the duration between sham tape and control group. The difference between Kinesio tape and sham tape remains insignificant. There is a significant interaction of such factors as duration and type of taping, indicated by the interaction plots of estimated marginal means of condition.
30 individuals have participated in this study. The mean value of height is 168.46 cm with a standard deviation of 11.46 cm. The mean weight is 69.33 kg with a standard deviation of 13.96 kg. The average waist circumference is91.35 cm with a standard deviation of 21.42 cm.
In order to examine the differences between the use of Kinesio Taping versus sham taping over the erector spine muscles on the performance of the Biering Sorensen Test from baseline,immediately after the tape application and 72 hours after the tape application, repeated measure ANOVA has been used ("How to perform a Mixed ANOVA in SPSS Statistics | Laerd Statistics", 2016).
The mean value of the baseline duration is 88.93 seconds. The average duration immediately after the tape application is 90.20 seconds. The average duration 72 hours after the application is 104.867 seconds.
There were 10 individuals in the Kinesio tape (the real tape) group, 10 in the Sham tape group (placebo) and 10 in the control group (no intervention). The mean baseline duration in the Kinesio tape group is 82.8 seconds with the standard deviation of 37.03 seconds. The mean baseline duration in the sham tape group is 99.5 seconds with the standard deviation of 31.43 seconds. The mean baseline duration in the control group is 84.5 seconds with the standard deviation of 32.30 seconds.
The mean duration immediately after the tape application in the Kinesio tape group is 91.20 seconds with the standard deviation of 37.16 seconds. The mean duration immediately after the tape application in the sham tape group is 97.80 seconds with the standard deviation of 29.36 seconds. The mean duration immediately after the tape application in the control group is 81.60 seconds with the standard deviation of 14.89 seconds.
The mean duration 72 hours after the tape application in the Kinesio tape group is 106.80 seconds with the standard deviation of 40.07 seconds. The mean duration 72 hours after the tape application in the sham tape group is 109.80 seconds with the standard deviation of 35.87 seconds. The mean duration 72 hours after the tape application in the control group is 98 seconds with the standard deviation of 33.55 seconds.
We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the baseline duration after Kinesio tape is between 60.95 and 104.65 seconds. We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the duration immediately after the tape application of Kinesio tape is between 72.60 and 109.80 seconds. We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the duration 72 hours after the tape application of Kinesio tape is between 84.50 and 129.10 seconds.
We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the baseline duration after sham tape is between 77.65 and 121.35 seconds. We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the duration immediately after the tape application of the sham tape is between 79.20 and 116.40 seconds. We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the duration 72 hours after the tape application of the sham tape is between 87.50 and 132.10 seconds.
We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the baseline duration in control group is between 62.65 and 106.35 seconds. We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the duration immediately after the tape application in control group is between 63.00 and 100.20 seconds. We are 95% confident that the population mean value of the duration 72 hours after the tape application in control group is between 75.70 and 120.30 seconds.
The pairwise comparisons (mean differences) were calculated for each pair of the duration. The mean difference between Kinesio tape and sham tape was 1.267 seconds (insignificant, p=1.000). The mean difference between Kinesio tape and control group was 15.933 seconds (significant, p<0.0001). The mean difference between sham tape and control group is 14.667 seconds (significant, p=0.004).
The post-hoc Tukey’s test did not indicate any significant difference in the mean values of duration between various groups (Kinesio, sham or control) among all the three types of duration. According the Tukey’s test, the mean difference between Kinesio tape and shap tape is 8.7667 (p=0.781). The mean difference between Kinesio tape and control group is 5.5667 (p=0.905). The mean difference between sham tape and control group is 14.3333 (p=0.522). The LSD post-hoc test supported Tukey’s test results.
The interaction plots of estimated marginal means of condition indicate the significant interaction of duration of types 2 and 1 (baseline and immediately after the tape application).
Repeated measures ANOVA indicated that the tape type (Kinesio, Sham or Control) is a significant factor in predicting duration (p<0.05 for all tests). However, the interaction of tape and group (Before, immediately after or 72 after) is not significant for the duration. We conclude that the duration is significantly different among the three given tapes, however, it is not really different for various groups for each tape.
References
How to perform a Mixed ANOVA in SPSS Statistics | Laerd Statistics. (2016). Statistics.laerd.com. Retrieved 12 April 2016, from https://statistics.laerd.com/spss-tutorials/mixed-anova-using-spss-statistics.php
