Q1
People, especially children, internalize what they see in the environment and imitate it. In this regard, a child will behave the way adults do in the environment. Moreover, one can learn by the process of association (classical conditioning) or adopts behaviors depending on reinforcement.
Q2
The emotional learning system focuses on one’s understanding of the immediate experiences. In this regard, one chooses how to behave based on critical and constructive thinking. Events that may lead to emotional responses may include reaction to stressful environments or happiness.
Q3
Emotion determines one’s way of reacting to events. It follows that one can intentionally choose behaviors based on constructive thoughts.
Q4
The nucleus accumbens. It operates in conjunction with Dopamine and Serotonin. Dopamine promote desire while serotonin affects satiety and inhibition.
Q5
Social learning theory proposes that individuals learn through observation of other people’s behaviors. It is important because it bridges the gap between behavioral and cognitive learning theories by offering insight on how people learn in continuous reciprocal interaction.
Q6
Social animal interact in the environment. It is during the process of socialization that one acquires patterns that guide how one reacts to situations. Reinforcement of behavior positively or negatively leading to learning.
Q7
A socially unaccepted learning receives a negative reinforcement. Therefore, the learner would have to shed of the behavior or risk been viewed as socially unfit.
Q8
The cognitive learning theory describes the role of the brain in learning through acquiring, processing, and interpretation of the information in the body. The theory is critical in learning because it gives insights on how the brain functions leading to better understanding of the learning processes.
Q9
The primary module of the cognitive system are the behavioral, environmental, and personal factors in the social cognitive theory. Cognitive behavioral theory triads include the self, the world and the future.
All the other learning theory in one way or another uses concepts from the cognitive learning theory.
Q11
Components of attention include the working memory, automatic bottom-up filtering, top-down sensitivity control, and competitive selection. These part determines the alertness, selectivity, and processing abilities of the individual.
Q12
The functional view of memory describes the working memory that it is a short-term memory that stores and manipulates information temporarily.
Q13
The physical learning system is the executing part of what the brain contemplates. The brain’s physical learning system entails processes of interaction with the environment to develop new knowledge.
Q14
Physical activities influence serotonergic, dopaminergic, and noradrenergic systems. Serotonin affects moods, such as the feeling of happiness. Dopamine is essential for starting movements while noradrenergic creates a sense of increased energy in the body.
Q15
Touching infants help in the process of growth and development. Children who are not touched may not develop the right emotional connections because it increases stress among the babies. Besides, they do not develop to be empathetic.
Q16
Physical learning can either are kinesthetic or tactile. Kinesthetic entails acquiring of new knowledge with body movement like learning how to swim. Tactile learning involved doing things other than listening. For example, solving math problems using physical activities in the field e.g. determining are of a rectangular block.
Q17
Classical conditioning involves the creation of associations between events. For example, associating someone with a particular perfume.
Operant conditioning focuses on the use of positive and negative reinforcement to acquire knowledge. For example, complementing student after scoring well.
Cognitive learning puts brain functioning at the center of learning. For example, paying attention to what the teacher is doing.
Q18.
Operant conditioning example.
I used to be late for work. The management cut my wages for the number of hours I was late. I received little money. Therefore, I stopped being late. Reducing my wage was a negative reinforcement.
Q19
Motivation
Start of practice
Advanced practicing
Skillfulness
Refinement
Mastery
Q20
Creating positive anticipation by telling the learners what to expect
Rotate techniques by making the unexpected the expected.
